Introduction. The paper deals with statistical analysis of the database of the Great Patriotic War military servicemen conscripted in the Yashul District of the Republic of Kalmykia.

Materials and Methods. The database was compiled on the base of Memory book of Yashul District of the Republic of Kalmykia which contains annotated lists of 2 051 Red Army military servicemen from the Great Patriotic War of 1941–1945 largely conscripted in the Kalmyk ASSR. The paper aims to compile the prosopography database of the Great Patriotic War military servicemen in 1941– 1945 on materials of Memory book of Yashul District of the Republic of Kalmykia as a sample of regional Memory book.

Analysis. The analysis was carried out by place of birth and conscription, military rank, awards, place and date of service and type of losses. The work shows that the main part of losses regards to MIAs (missing in action) of 1942–1943 in military associations of southern direction.

Results. The analysis shows that the Memory book contains valuable data on servicemen conscripted in the Kalmyk ASSR which will assess the contribution of the residents of the Yashkul district of the Republic of Kalmykia to the victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941–1945.

Introduction. After becoming emperor of France in 1804, Napoleon Bonaparte had to solve an extremely difficult geopolitical situation: the old European monarchies were in no hurry to recognize the legitimacy of the newly-made emperor’s power, so France had to act not only by force of arms, but also by demonstrating the effectiveness of the new order by creating model states located in Germany and becoming a showcase. One of these model states was the Grand Duchy of Berg, formed on the territory of the former duchies of Cleves and Berg in 1806. Napoleon sends his officials to the young duchy, actively carries out reforms for the development of the economy, the social sphere, as well as reforms of the army.

Materials and methods. Newly formed military contingents recruited on the territory of the states were to take part in the conflicts of the first quarter of the XIX century, and the Grand Duchy of Berg was no exception.

Analysis. The article considers the reflection of the participation of the Berg infantry in the Napoleonic Wars from 1807 to 1814 on the pages of the field diary of sergeant and then lieutenant of the 1st Infantry Regiment of the Grand Duchy of Berg P. Zimmermann. Attention is focused on the perception of Spaniards and Russians by German soldiers, on the image of the war as a whole based on the diary mentioned above. The images drawn by Zimmermann are ambivalent at first: he pays tribute to the courage, perseverance and patriotism of the Guerilliers, complains about cruelty and excesses, condemns looting by soldiers of allied units.

Result. The tragic fate of the Berg contingent in Russia leads the author of the diary to speculate about good and evil, about combat brotherhood, about the senselessness of losses, the brutality of the Cossacks, the ingratitude of German civil officials. But the leitmotif of the whole narrative is the glorification of the honor of Berg’s soldiers and officers, who did not lose their dignity in the most dangerous and difficult situations.

Introduction. An important role in achieving the victory of the Soviet people over Nazi Germany in the Great Patriotic War was played by training institutions that the Red Army badly needed - military, engineering, medical. One of the higher educational institutions that trained doctors for the front and rear in the south of the country was the Stavropol State Medical Institute. However, information about his activities in a number of areas during this period of time was largely fragmentary.

Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of documents and materials from the funds of the Central Archive of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and the State Archive of the Stavropol Territory, the archive and museum of the Stavropol State Medical University, the analysis of regional printed publications during the Great Patriotic War, as well as the results of previous scientific works on this issue. Based on a combination of information from various sources, the activities of the medical institute and its employees in providing assistance to the front both before the occupation of Stavropol and after its liberation from German troops are comprehensively considered.

Analysis. The analysis showed that, along with the main task of training highly qualified medical workers by the university, its employees actively provided other assistance to the front.

Results. In the course of the study, it was found that the specialists of the clinical departments of the university took an active part in the work of the evacuation hospitals of the city and the region, on the territory of which the largest hospital base of the Soviet troops was deployed. Research staff of the institute, among whom there were a large number of prominent scientists, participated in the development of military medical topics. Employees and students of the university were engaged in social, educational and propaganda activities, provided financial assistance to the front.

Introduction. The article presents an analysis of the process of reducing strategic arms of Russia and the United States. The author gives an assessment of the Soviet-American détente and the Soviet-American disarmament treaties as laying the political normative and legal foundation for the development of the disarmament process after the end of the Cold War. The study analyzes the Russian-American New START Treaty concluded by Presidents B. Obama and Dmitry Medvedev in 2010. Particular attention is paid to the problem of mutual inspections by Russia and the United States during the implementation of START-3.

Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of Soviet-American and Russian-American treaties in the field of disarmament, materials from the Russian Foreign Ministry, the American administration of J. Biden, and publications in the American press. A systematic integrated approach, specific historical and comparative historical methods were used.

Analysis. According to official data from the Russian Foreign Ministry, the American side resorted to certain “tricks” - not only actually reducing weapons, but achieving final results by converting some weapons into non-nuclear or training ones. The Russian department could not confirm that these strategic weapons were rendered unusable as provided for by the treaty. In the context of the Russian-Ukrainian crisis and the beginning of the Russian SVO the following issues became particularly difficult in the process of mutual verification of disarmament: the cessation of regular air traffic, the extension of flight times, which could contribute to the “leakage” of confidential information; the complexity of the visa regime for Russian specialists, especially in transit countries; difficulties in making Russian payments for verification services; the lack of unambiguous guarantees of providing the opportunity for aircraft of the Russian Ministry of Defense with inspectors on board to fly through the airspace of Western countries closed to Russia.

Results. A conclusion is drawn about the importance of signing New START treaty, which became a major milestone in the development of relations between Moscow and Washington in the military-political sphere. Violation of mutual inspection activities in the context of sanctions imposed by the West against Russia violated the principles of equal access to the Treaty verification mechanisms, created clear advantages for the American side and led to the suspension of Russia participation in New START.

Introduction. In pre-revolutionary Kalmykia in the first half of the 19th century the activities of the authorities to manage the Kalmyk people, as well as the procedure for organizing work with documents, were regulated by the “Rules for the management of the Kalmyk people” of March 10, 1825 and the “Regulations on the management of the Kalmyk people” of November 24, 1834. The work is devoted to the study of record keeping and document flow in the Commission of Kalmyk Affairs, which carried out the administrative management of the Kalmyk steppe of the Astrakhan province, to identify common features with the all-Russian order of organizing work with documents and features in Kalmyk paperwork.

Materials and methods. The research is based on the study of documents from the archive fund I-2 “Commission of Kalmyk Affairs” of the National Archive of the Republic of Kalmykia. In the process of studying this fund, historical research methods were used, which made it possible to identify, analyze, introduce new archival data into scientific circulation and establish their value as a historical source.

Analysis. The study of the composition and content of documents created during the activities of the Commission of Kalmyk Affairs (1825–1836) made it possible to specify the procedure for organizing work with them. Using the example of the adoption of the “Regulations on smallpox vaccination in the Kalmyk uluses” (1839), developed by inspector Solomon, the author examined the procedure for considering and adopting a regulatory document.

Results. The study revealed that archival documents created during the period of activity of the Commission of Kalmyk Affairs are unique written sources of the organization of office work and document flow in pre-revolutionary Kalmykia. These studies can become a source for further development of the topic of the state structure of Kalmykia, the relationship with the central authorities, the formation and development of the healthcare system in one of the national outskirts of pre-revolutionary Russia.

Introduction. The article is devoted to the development of the Russian historiography of the study of the historical politics of the Polish People’s Republic. The author considers that the transformation of this historiographical field was inextricably linked, firstly, with the formation of an interdisciplinary field of collective memory research in Russia, and secondly, with the stable institutional cooperation of Russian and Polish scientists.

Materials and Methods. Using the essays of Russian authors specializing in the issues of historical politics, the main problem blocks are identified.

Analysis. It is noted that the commemorative trends in the Polish Republic were analyzed through the prism of the concept of «anniversary», the confrontation between state power and the Catholic Church, as well as through the study of educational policy in the field of historical knowledge. The diversification of the research field of memory studies in the 2010s contributed to the expansion of the set of subjects suitable for analysis from the point of view of politics of memory. The author notes that the comparative analysis of Polish historical politics was carried out by Russian historians from two different approaches, one of which included placing the problem in the pan–European context of the formation of historical narratives, the other assumed a broader consideration of the issue, including the analysis of non-European plots. The Commission of Historians of Russia and Poland is singled out as a key institutional core of Russian historiography, which for a long time carried out projects aimed at studying various aspects of memorial management of the Polish People’s Republic.

Results. It is concluded that the urgent task of Russian specialists can be considered, on the one hand, the further development of specific commemorative projects of the Polish government and the analysis of transformations of its memorial management, on the other, the obstacle to any autarchic trends in historiography and the restoration of networking with Polish and other foreign colleagues.

Introduction. The favorable geographical location of the Caucasus attracted the attention of the Ottoman Empire, Iran, the European countries and Russia. Each state sought to establish its control and influence over this region, and therefore, special attention should be paid to the diplomatic missions to Persia of people who pursued Russian interests, such as A. P. Ermolov and A. S. Griboyedov.

Materials and Methods. The study is based on the analysis of the texts of the work of A. P. Ermolov, N. N. Muravyev, A. S. Griboyedov.

Analysis. It was these travelers who participated in Russian embassies in Iran in the first third of the XIX century, during which important information was recorded about the natural and climatic conditions, about the inhabitants of Persia, about their customs and traditions, data were obtained on the military potential of the Persians, who at that time received help with weapons and finances from England and France. From Russia, they adopted the experience of the combat use of artillery. The material embassy are the main sources for studying travel to Persia and show the results of diplomatic trips of Russian delegations.

Results. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that thanks to the trips of Russian delegation to Persia by A. P. Ermolov and A. S. Griboyedov, the interests of Russia in the Caucasus were taken into account and protected.

Introduction. The article examines the situation in the North Caucasus that had developed by the beginning of the 1960s following the end of the armed confrontation. Russia proved its invincibility, and the highlanders, tired of the continuous war, were ready to compromise with the Russian government. This opened up new opportunities for the peaceful settlement of the region.

Materials and methods. The author notes that despite the cessation of active clashes, it was not possible to achieve complete calm in the region for a long time. There were people who did not reconcile with the defeat, did not want or were not able to give up their traditional existence, which they were accustomed to, attacked the civilian population and the military personnel of the Caucasian army. The study is based on the analysis of the texts of domestic Caucasian scholars and a set of documentary materials, both published and received from the archival funds of the GAKK. Retrospective, illustrative and comparative methods were used as methods of historical and political research.

Analysis. The author of the article draws attention to the fact that the preserved criminal offenses caused widespread discontent and concern both among the Slavic settlers and among many highlanders, as they prevented them from building a constructive dialogue. In order to eradicate crime, they were ready to join the ranks of the militia, recruited from among volunteers involved in the punishment of «irreconcilable» enemies of the Russian statehood and the establishment of a peaceful life.

Results. The authorities promised an amnesty to supporters of a militaristic existence who failed to find themselves in conditions of peace and creative activity. All those who persisted in resisting the new order were expelled from the Caucasus when caught, in order to weaken their influence on local societies. On the other hand, they saw compatriots in these people and did not seek to resort to extreme measures, hoping to demonstrate the justice of the rule of law that spread in the North Caucasus after the victory of Russian weapons.

Introduction. At the present stage of development, society faces the problems in the field of high levels of juvenile delinquency and adolescent deviation, which were typical of Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. In the practice of criminal and penal legislation, the application of imprisonment to them often remains the only form of punishment. As part of the search for an optimal model for achieving a corrective effect, it is interesting to refer to the existing historical experience. A comprehensive inclusion of the public to solve the situation was one of the forms of combating juvenile delinquency since the second half of the 19th century. One of the instruments of state policy in this area was the active involvement of the monasteries of the Russian Orthodox Church, which were to become the leading body in the fight against and prevention in the field of juvenile delinquency.

Materials and methods. By the example of the organization of the work of correctional shelters, founded in 1898 at the monasteries of the Kuban region, the authors analyze their activities, the difficulties in organizing work with the contingent within the monasteries of the entire Caucasian department. The conclusion becomes relevant that success in the activities of prevention and correction was possible only with the wide involvement of the public, the training of pupils of shelters in professions that are in demand on the labor market, a combination of various programs and religious educational practices, in close cooperation with the executive authorities of the region.

Analysis. An appeal to the history of correctional institutions in the North Caucasus can help improve the organization of work in relation to juveniles who committed crimes in the implementation of the strategy for the execution of punishments.

Results. As the results of the study showed, this experiment did not receive wide support not only in the region, but throughout the empire. And only thanks to the help of the public in organizing the work and maintenance of the orphans, with limited funding from the state, the monasteries managed to establish the process of rehabilitation of juvenile delinquents. In combination with the use of various educational systems and programs, school and labor training, various methods of education and mentoring, the monasteries contributed to the correction of minors.

Introduction. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the fact that it has not been studied in the national historical science. Meanwhile, the experience of training effective managerial personnel in England in the last third of the XIX – early XX centuries seems worthy of study and reflection. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the problem on the case study of the United Services College, its history and biographies of its most prominent graduates. The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that this problem has not been the subject of special research in Russian historiography.

Materials and Methods. The sources used for the analyses consist of documents on the history of the school, memoirs of its graduates, Kipling’s novel “Stalky and Co.” based on the writer’s school years, documents of the “Kipling Society”. The following methods were used: narrative, descriptive, comparative.

Analysis. The United Services College was founded in 1874 with the aim of providing the sons of military personnel with inexpensive school education and prepare boys to go on to cadet colleges to train for a military career. Mission of the school was to mold “men of action”, to teach patriotism, team spirit, leadership skills. Students were brought up to become practical, efficient, brave and effective leaders. Extra curriculum activities were consistent with these purposes. The rules were strict, physical punishment was an accepted teaching method and bullying was common. The examination oftheUSC graduates’ careers is essential for assessing the effectiveness of students’ preparation for their future services.

Results. Despite a rather short history the United Services College provided the country with a large number of military and civil personnel. 468 graduates joined the British Army, nearly all served throughout the Empire. 198 graduates joined the Indian Army, 51 did service in the Royal Navy and associated forces, 308 USC’s graduates worked abroad in civil organizations, often in Colonial Service Some graduates reached high ranks of Admiral or General. During World War I USC’s graduates earned numerous awards and decorations. Many of them including two Generals, died in the war. The careers of the most distinguished USC’s graduates: Kipling and Dunsterville provide an example of the school’s capacity to effectively train boys for the future.

Introduction. Participants in partnerships and societies often face problems in exercising the right to information in the form of an audit, resorting to judicial protection after exhausting pre-trial settlement methods. The article offers a justification for the requested inspection as mandatory. It is argued that in the context of updating the legislation on auditing activities, there is an expansion of the range of issues to be clarified by the courts when considering disputes regarding the exercise of the right to conduct an audit.

Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of arbitration court decisions on disputes in the area of exercising the right to conduct an audit of a business company by its participants. The legal identification of an audit at the request of a participant in a business company as mandatory was carried out using the method of analogy and the formal legal method.

Analysis. The grounds for conducting an audit of a business company by its participants are established by a norm of federal law, imperative according to the method of legal regulation, and the content of the emerging legal relations is characterized by the requirement to conduct an audit and the obligation to conduct it corresponding to each other. While not being de jure mandatory, the audit in question is de facto mandatory. Examining the circumstances of disputes regarding the exercise of the right to conduct an audit, the court consistently determines: firstly, whether the plaintiff has the status of a participant in the company; secondly, whether he submitted a corresponding demand to the company, and with what result; thirdly, the court should make sure that a company participant has no signs of abuse of the right to receive information about the activities of the company. The court also evaluates the parties’ compliance with the requirements of the legislation on auditing activities and their fulfillment of responsibilities related to the audit.

Results. An audit at the request of participants in partnerships and companies corresponds to the characteristics of a mandatory audit. Clause 2 of Article 5 of the Federal Law “On Auditing Activities” needs clarification, which establishes the annuality of mandatory audits by including in it other cases provided for by federal laws. It has been established that when considering disputes regarding the audit of a business company, the courts are guided by the approaches formulated in the documents of the Presidium of the Supreme Arbitration Court of the Russian Federation on the provision of information to participants of business companies. At the same time, in the context of updating legislation on auditing activities, courts will need to pay attention to compliance with the rules of independence of auditors and audit organizations, as well as evaluate the audit agreement for the presence of information in it about the new subject of audit legal relations - the head of the audit.

Introduction. Investigation of criminal cases is associated with the need to apply measures of criminal procedural coercion. Coercion and restriction of constitutional rights of citizens in varying degrees is inherent in most investigative actions. Recognising the necessity of application of procedural coercion to achieve the goals of criminal proceedings, the need for effective measures of legal control over the legality and validity of the application of law-restricting measures is substantiated.

Materials and methods. The research is based on the analysis of the norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, CPC of the Russian Federation, as well as scientific publications on the investigated problem of Russian scientists. The research is carried out in retrospect of formation of procedural guarantees of ensuring human rights and freedoms in the domestic legislation. The comparative legal analysis of domestic and foreign legislation is carried out.

Analysis. The issues of law enforcement related to the means and ways of realization of human rights in criminal proceedings are studied. Each of the components of the mechanism of ensuring individual rights in criminal proceedings, which only in their totality function as a balanced mechanism, is analyzed. Accuracy, logicality, certainty of legislative prescriptions, which allow to adequately implement the legal regulation of relations, are important factors in the effectiveness of criminal procedural activity. The role of prosecutor’s supervision, departmental and judicial control in the implementation by citizens of their rights and legitimate interests in criminal proceedings is revealed.

Results. Problems in the legal regulation of criminal procedural legal relations and the potential risk of violation of human rights, indicate the need for further improvement of the prescriptions of the CPC of the RF, the practice of their application, which must necessarily be associated with the creation of additional mechanisms aimed at ensuring the constitutional rights and legitimate interests of participants in the process.

Introduction. The article is devoted to identifying the features of the manifestation of the principle of protecting civil servants from unlawful interference in their professional service activities and determining its place in the system of principles of public service.

Materials and methods. The study is based on an analysis of the positions existing in science regarding the definition of the term “principle of public service”, the classification of the principles of public service and the features of the legal consolidation of the principle of protecting civil servants from unlawful interference in their professional activities in the system of principles for the construction and functioning of the public service system.

Analysis. Sufficient attention is not paid to the identification of the features of the principle of protecting civil servants from unlawful interference in their professional service activities and determining its place in the system of principles of public service in legal science. The theoretical and normative definition of this principle has not been formulated. Legislation on public service, fixing the principle under consideration, does not disclose its definition and does not specify the forms of its expression.

Results. Consideration of the content of the provisions of regulatory legal acts led to the conclusion that the principle of protecting civil servants from unlawful interference in their professional activities is a guiding principle enshrined in the norms of the legislation on public service, as well as the guiding principle arising from their content, aimed at ensuring the interests of the public service by preventing unlawful influence of state bodies, officials, individuals and legal entities on the performance by civil servants of their official duties.

Introduction. The legal, in particular, the criminal law direction of the comparative method application in science is currently an actively developing teaching in the system of domestic criminal law science. Because of this, and in the light of the fundamental shifts in world politics taking place in recent years, entailing corresponding changes in the system of international law, scientific research in the direction chosen by the authors is being updated.

Materials and methods. The research is of a subject-scientific nature and is carried out, in general, on the basis of the study of the criminal legislation of foreign countries, which constitute the main scientific interest of the authors. The work was carried out taking into account the opinions of leading modern Russian scientists-specialists in the field of criminal law comparative studies.

Analysis. The article studies the issues related to the definition in the criminal law of foreign countries of one of the basic concepts of criminal law doctrine – the concept of crime, as well as a number of emerging scientific problems. The complexity of the comparative legal study of this concept is aggravated by the absence of its legislative definition in a number of legal systems of modernity. To overcome this problem, the paper analyzes the concept of a criminal act characterized by signs of illegality (illegality), harmfulness (public danger), culpability and punishability. At the same time, the authors pay special attention to the issue of criminalization of criminal inaction. The historical and legal analysis of the attribute of causal relationship related to the act has been carried out. The article concludes with a study of doctrinal and legislative experience in the field of classification of crimes, as well as the practical significance of this issue for decision-making in the field of criminal legal assessment of committed acts.

Results. The analysis allows the authors to formulate a number of reasonable and noteworthy conclusions of a comparative nature.

Introduction. The change in the legislative position regarding the application of statute of limitations to crimes involving terrorist activities and the obligatory application of the criminal legislation of Russia and the RSFSR led to the search for a formula for the application of statute of limitations. Joining the composition of international encroachments, in respect of which there is an unconditional ban on the application of statute of limitations, a group of terrorist crimes, formed different positions of law enforcers on comparing the grounds for applying statute of limitations. With regard to acts committed before the introduction in the current criminal law of limitation of statute of limitations for crimes of a terrorist nature, scientific views are reduced to the non-application of a preemptive statute of limitations of 15 years, since the General and Special parts of the criminal law of the Russian Federation are systematically applied.

Materials and Methods. The choice of methods is explained by the choice of tasks. The comparative-historical method is used in the work to identify the patterns of application of statute of limitations in a historical perspective; a comparative method was used to summarize the data on the application of the grounds for exemption from criminal liability during the period of the laws of the RSFSR and the Russian Federation, as well as the law of the Russian Federation during the period of application of various editions of Article 78 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation.

Analysis. The procedure for applying the rules on exemption from liability in connection with the expiration of the statute of limitations should not be decided through the prism of the institutions of the operation of the law in time and the retroactive effect of the criminal law.

Results. The procedure for implementing the legislative idea of non-application of statute of limitations for terrorist crimes is carried out by implementing the prohibition of applying a pre-trial period to crimes punishable by death.

Introduction. The relevance of the topic is explained by the lack of a unified approach in law enforcement practice and doctrine to the correlation of special norms on the protection of cultural heritage objects with the general norms of urban planning legislation in terms of the concept of «reconstruction». Legal uncertainty in this matter has an impact on a wide range of legal relations in the field of contractual, housing, urban planning and other branches of law.

Materials and methods. The research was based on normative legal acts, law enforcement practice of courts, scientific articles on the issue under study. The methodological basis of the research consists of both general scientific methods and special legal methods of cognition.

Analysis. The conducted research revealed the absence in the legislation of the Russian Federation of such a measure for the preservation of cultural heritage objects as reconstruction, the impossibility of applying the concept of «reconstruction» defined by other legal norms in relation to these objects.

Results. In the course of the study, new scientific results were obtained. The author’s version of the concept of «reconstruction» and the corresponding clarifications and amendments to the legislation of the Russian Federation are proposed.

Introduction. Proper organization of state quarantine phytosanitary control (supervision) is a factor affecting the state of economic and food security, since it involves the application of measures aimed at preventing the penetration and spread of biological organisms harmful to the crop industry. The legal norms regulating the organization of state phytosanitary control (supervision) form one of the most important legal institutions in the structure of administrative and legal regulation of the agro-industrial complex.

Materials and Methods. The study was conducted using general scientific methodology (analysis, synthesis, dialectical and system-structural methods), as well as the formal legal method. For this purpose, the necessary regulatory and legal framework was used, and the scientific argumentation of the formulated ideas was based on the study of theoretical sources, in which topical issues of the legal organization of public administration, control and supervisory activities and plant quarantine were considered.

Analysis. The main directions of the analysis are the problems of organizing and implementing state quarantine phytosanitary control (supervision) with a statement of the circumstances that prevent the normal implementation of control and supervisory measures.

Results. The expediency of legislative registration of the monitoring of the quarantine phytosanitary condition of the territory of the Russian Federation and the measures of administrative coercion applied during its implementation in the form of an integral part of the state quarantine phytosanitary control (supervision) has been established. Further development of its regulatory and legal regulation may be associated with the unification of terminology affecting such measures as inspection and inspection. The conclusion is formulated about the need to take organizational and legal measures to increase the level of material and technical security of the relevant bodies and officials.

Introduction. The relevance of the work is expressed in the existence of a problem associated with the low effectiveness of preventive work at school in the field of countering suicidal behavior and offenses that encourage adolescents to commit suicide, which is confirmed by statistical data. The aim of the study is to identify the main problem areas that hinder the formation of an effective system for the prevention of suicide among adolescents and to identify ways to solve them. The novelty of the work is determined by the scarcity of criminological research in this area, as well as with the development of relevant proposals for improving the quality of preventive work carried out.

Materials and methods. In preparing the work, the author resorted to the use of comparative, logical, statistical and formal legal methods, the method of analysis, generalization and sociological survey, as well as others. The works of domestic researchers, the regulatory framework, information and analytical materials, media publications, as well as personal professional experience were used.

Analysis. The main problem of preventing teenage suicides and suicidal offenses is still the low level of professional competence of school psychologists and their lack of skills to work with children in critical situations, a shortage of personnel in educational organizations, lack of awareness of teachers about existing threats in the information space. Achieving a positive preventive effect that can influence the suicide situation in Russia and the region is possible through the implementation of a set of legal, technical and substantive (content) measures.

Results. In order to improve the suicidal situation and preventive work in this direction the author suggests measures related to strengthening interaction between family and school institutions; increasing the level of coordination between the subjects of adolescent suicide prevention and the exchange of analytical results; the introduction of targeted preventive practices aimed at modern youth; as well as the improvement of the system of psychological assistance and rehabilitation in post-suicide.

Introduction. The article is devoted to linguo-axiological and linguo-cultural analysis of the units used by the speakers of the Karachay-Balkarian language in the verbalization of memories associated with the fundamental event for the formation of the linguistic culture and linguistic picture of the world of this people, the forcible deportation of 1943–1957. The relevance of the article is due to an attempt made in it to bridge the gap in the field of linguo-axiological and linguo-cultural studies of the Karachay-Balkarian language with the reference to film discourse related to the deportation theme. On the basis of a deep and detailed analysis of languages units used by the characters of the films, the units containing an element of evaluation are identified. The purpose of the article is to establish the features of the use of such units and the nature of their formation.

Materials and Methods. The units for analysis were selected by the method of continuous sampling and subjected to general and author’s categorization in accordance with their intentional component. The comprehensive methodology of the research includes linguoculturological, contextual, consituational and conceptual analysis of the axiological concepts under consideration.

Analysis. The most representative objects of analysis in this regard are the film texts of documentaries and feature films, the plots of which are based on real events, since, due to the arbitrary nature of the selection of linguistic means by the interview subjects in such films, we see the form of the language as close as possible to the natural speech of its speakers in everyday life. The representation of key axiologems in this case is verified by the existential form of explication.

Results. The author of the article concludes that various means of language can be involved in the formation of evaluative units, and units with a negative evaluative component predominate in the film texts of the mentioned subject. The axiologization process of the most significant linguistic worldview components occurs in an inextricable relationship with the process of verbalization in the polycode text of a movie based on the components of the value-orientation space shared by all representatives of society.

Introduction. The key to modern media discourse is its topical determinacy and narrativity based on initial goal setting. With this regard, the correlation of the core and peripheral associative components of basic concepts conveyed in media texts with the utilitarian and operational zones of the collective space in the process of deliberation gives them the status of dominants.

Materials and Methods. The basic methods for analyzing the structure and content of the modified concepts were hermeneutic-noematic and discursivemodus methods, which made it possible to describe the mechanisms of pragmatic and interpretive explication in a specific semiosis situation.

Analysis. A concept is a multi-level hierarchical structure with conventionalized representatives of each of its layers; the structure can be changed by rethinking individual components based on the search for new verbalizers. Each of the modified elements must acquire and maintain the “declared” value within the framework of the concept, i.e. be legitimized in discourse as carrying “objective meaning”. This “objectivity” of meaning allows a new facet of the concept to fit into the existing value-oriented system of the modern Russian community.

Results. Based on the hermeneuticnoematic and discursive-modus analysis of microcontexts containing non-usual verbalizers of the basic concept of VICTORY in modern media discourse, we can conclude that the vectors of actualization of the negative and positive spaces of interpretation are demarcated within the framework of the binary oppositions “friend – foe” and “good – bad”. The following are recognized as the key mechanisms of consituative modification of the content of the concept: 1) modus binding of nuclear and peripheral semantics to the stereotyped semiotic representation of collective experience, 2) the use of intimization means, 3) dysphemization of the “foe” space and verdictive euphemization of the “friend” space.

Introduction. The global turn towards social inclusion implies an increase in the number of qualified personnel with the ability to solve diverse tasks in the areas of barrier-free communication – subtitling, audio description, sign language translation, as well as tactile sign translation. The purpose of the study is to identify the didactic potential of cross-platform applications in the process of learning audio description using the example of the Aegisub application. The relevance of the work is explained by the fact that at the present stage we can talk not only about such a linguist-audio describer’s task as professional possession of intercultural competence, but also about the free application in practice of various technical means for generating and transmitting audio commentaries, since the trend towards digitalization of society requires improving the competencies of specialists in the field of inclusion.

Materials and Methods. As the research material, a fragment of the feature film “The Great Gatsby” in English with a professional polyphonic translation into Russian is used. To achieve this goal, the experimental method is used, as well as analysis and synthesis.

Analysis. With the help of the Aegisub programme, even a not very prepared user can perform any actions related to the synchronization of the text and visual components of the multimedia commenting object. To confirm the thesis about the expediency of using the Aegisub application in the practice of teaching audio description, a pilot experiment was conducted in which nine participants were asked to complete the task of compiling audio description using the programme and without it.

Results. Based on the results of the conducted research, it can be concluded that the introduction of specialized computer applications into the process of teaching audio description on an ongoing basis can become an effective way to form professional competencies of a specialist in the field of barrier-free communication.

Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the sensory component of toponyms and identification key strategies in nominating various geographical objects through the prism of sensory perception. The relevance of the study is explained by the fact that such investigation allows receiving general information about society development and highlighting the peculiarities of its perceptual attitude to the surrounding.

Materials and Methods. Material for analysis was taken from the toponymic dictionaries and Internet resources dedicated to the geographical names of Russia. Method of semantic-onomasiological analysis made it possible to select and classify toponyms that possess the seme of perception, and distinguish the main trends in the use of different linguistic means that help to reveal modes of perception in the names of geographical objects.

Analysis. In the course of the study, it was investigated that the names actualizing visual perception construct the largest group, where several subgroups related to the position of the geographical object, its size, color, shape and quantity could be distinguished. The modes of auditory, olfactory, gustatory and tactile perception are presented in toponymy by a relatively small number. Among these names, the most frequent are hydronyms, from which oikonyms and oronyms are derived.

Results. In conclusion, it is stated that sensory toponymy represents an interesting sphere of investigation as it allows tracing the main features of sensory perception of geographical objects and identifing key trends in perceptual space construction.

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the binary conceptual opposition “We – They” in modern English political discourse. One of the frequent ways of speech manipulation in political discourse is the use of the binary conceptual opposition “We – They”, which has the central role in political discourse in general. It is established that the analyzed opposition is variable and can be used at different levels – external and internal.

Materials and Methods. The speeches and statements of the President of the United States of America Joe Biden for the period from January 2 to February 24, 2023 are considered as the material of the study. The frequency of use of lexical units used to represent the opposition “We – They” is determined using the LancsBox corpus manager application.

Analysis. It is identified that various strategies and tactics are used in political discourse to influence the recipients of information by politicians due to the need to prove their opinion, convince the recipients of the correctness of actions, emphasize their importance and significance for the whole country. The primary objective of the study is to systematize the discursive tools of speech influence in political discourse, which are based on conceptual oppositions.

Results. The significance of the results lies in the possibility of using the obtained data for an adequate perception of the information presented in the political discourse, on the one hand, and for creating own political texts, on the other hand. The scientific novelty lies in the analysis of modern material and in the effort to build a linguistic model of the use of the binary conceptual opposition “We – They” in Joe Biden’s political discourse. The novelty is also characterized by the statistical data provided, obtained using automated text processing and the creation of an electronic corpus, which can be further expanded by speeches of other political figures. The adaptability of the developed electronic corpus opens up the possibilities of the further computer-aided study of binary conceptual oppositions in political discourse with reference to the methods of digital linguistics.