The author addresses the problem of Social Studies in the postwar intellectual space of the USSR. The paper analyzes difficulties of historical, legal, philosophical and economic sciences in the context of ideological campaigns.

The deals with the complex situation in the Persian Gulf caused by Iraq's aggression against Kuwait in the summer of 1990. The author has revealed the contradictory position of the EEC member states in the Kuwait question, which led to their participation in the joint U.S. military campaign against Iraq. It has been proved that this action contributed to the strengthening of the American presence in the Middle East and, at the same time, the weakening of Western Europe’s position.

The author made analysis of work of the Soviet authorities in Stavropol Territory before and after division of Stavropol province into districts in 1924.

The article considers the role and place of Reichstag and meetings of Prince Electors during the Thirty Years’ War. The author underlines that Prince Electors’ meetings promoted the strengthening of their positions in state and political structure of the Holy Roman Empire.

The article analyzes the last campaign and the last major battle of the Thirty Years’ War, the participant of which was France. It also addresses the interaction of military events and the internal situation in the French kingdom.

The article is devoted to the presentation by pro-government “Gazeta Polska” progress and results of the elections to the Sejm and the Senate in Poland in 1930, which became a turning point in the interwar history of Poland and its parliamentarism.

The article is devoted to Delia, one of the Athenian festivals in Delos. The author analyses political and religious context of its origins and ways of celebration. Special emphasis is made on the role of this festival in formation and strengthening of Athenian hegemony in Aegean in V – IV B. C. The methods of implementation and maintenance of this hegemony are considered.

The author points out that industrial development in Germany led to an increase in numbers of working class and brought about worsening of workers’ living conditions. Germany’s political elite, which was worried by that fact, worked out various models of handling workers’ question.

The paper analyzes the characteristics of Sufi ideology, which facilitates the perception of ideas gazavat during movement of mountaineers led by Shamil. Shows the relationship of the Sufis to the idea of ​​"holy war", it is proved that free societies are more willing to accept the idea of ​​Dagestan gazavat than communities under Khan's power are. Describes the transition followers of Sufi sheikhs from spiritual practices to the armed struggle. Considered the contradiction between Sufi communities opposing violent acts and communities to support the movement Muridism.

The article deals with the scope, phases and special features of Bulgarian immigration to the USA in the XIX - XX-th centuries in comparison with other immigration groups from European countries. The author analyses ways of adaptation of Bulgarian immigrants and their integration into American society.

RETRACTED ARTICLE

The author attempts to summarize the available materials on the history of the First World War on the territory of the modern Republic of Mari El. The article contains a review of archival sources and the historiography of the problem. A detailed analysis is provided on the subject of the stay of foreign prisoners in the camp of Tsarevokokshaisk.

The article deals with some aspects of Belarusian emigration in the interwar period. The authors cover various activities of cultural organizations of Belarusian emigration.

The source, which is published here, reveals the motives of the rejection of the Communist Union of Yugoslavia to support the Declaration of the communist conference (November, 1957) in Moscow - the important program document aimed at the consolidation of international communist movement after the crisis of 1956.

RETRACTED ARTICLE

The article considers the current state of terrorism in Russia, and outlines the main directions of combating and preventing terrorism.

The article considers the approaches to IT development in the Republic of Korea. It analyzes the normative legal acts accompanying the process of implementation of the state policy in the sphere of IT development. The authors attempt to reveal the positive experience that can be used by the Russian Federation for further development of IT as well as improvement of legislation in the field of IT development.

This article analyzes the formation and development of the theoretical foundations of the right of withdrawal from the general rule in the process of strengthening the powers of French monarchy during the XII-XV c. It is based on the content of royal charters of pardon and release, dissemination of which means the expansion of judicial privileges of the king.

The article is devoted to the phenomenon of cosmogonic myths, which are of great significance in the organization of media-advertising world view. The author comes to the conclusion that advertising mentality is in fact mythological as it is directed on the construction of reality rather than on its reflection.

The article deals with the problem of describing the system of proper names in J. P.P. Tolkien's "The Lord of the Rings" as an individual neologisms, which allow to represent the author's mythology.

The analysis of concepts of Public relations is presented to verbal and nonverbal communication in article, means and methods of public relations taking into account verbal and nonverbal components of communication are systematized.

The article is devoted to consideration of the activity concept of training in Stavropol provincial gymnasium under the leadership of a philosopher, a teacher, and a literary critic Ya.M. Neverov. He developed an educational model which is applicable nowadays in the multinational region of the Caucasus. What is now defined as peace-making through the dialogue of cultures and by means of languages, literature and arts, was put into practice in the gymnasium in the middle of the XIX century by Ya.M. Neverov.

The author analises the cases of UNASUR and ALBA in order to examine alternative models of integration that were offered by the governments of the «left turn». These models are based on the priority of political cooperation to solve the social problems of the region.

The article deals with different types of theoretical concepts of globalization. It is argued that all theories reduce real diversity of globalization forms to one or more aspects. The author concludes that interpretation of globalization as part of the non-classical social cognition has methodological prospects.

Тhe article deals with the process of virtualization in contemporary social life with the emphasis on social and cultural significance of the process of virtualization and its impact on the development of modern processes in society. The author analyzes the information and communication technologies as a factor of social practices in the Information Society. Virtualization of social life is presented as a special form of the space of human life, where the type of relationship between people is determined by fundamentally new signs and symbols which originated within the framework of technogenic globalizing society.

The article offers philosophical analysis of the media as a form of representation of reality in the consumer society. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of «environment» in such a society. The author bases his view on this phenomenon through the prism of views of Jean Baudrillard, who thoroughly examined this issue. A variety of aspects in the formation of the «environment» of the consumer society, especially the role of the media, indicates the complexity of this phenomenon and the need for its further studies.

The article is devoted to features of identity-based conflicts as a threat to the social and cultural integration in modern Russian society. The author considers the principle factors of the identity-based conflicts and emphasizes destabilizing role of the politicization of ethnicity. Among the systemic conditions of the escalation of the identity-based conflicts the author points out the following: modernization risks, traditionalization, identity crisis, ethnic tensions.