State and activist participants in the policy of historical memory in modern Spain
https://doi.org/10.37493/2409-1030.2025.3.6
Abstract
Introduction. The author analyzes the national forms and features of the current model of historical politics in modern Spain. The article studies the role and place of intellectual communities as the main collective actors and spaces of the genesis of memory and the functioning of memorial culture and collective historical memories in modern social, ideological and political discourses of Spain.
Materials and methods. Methodologically the article is based on the principles of intellectual history and the history of ideas, which allow analysing modern forms of political and ideologically motivated use of history and the past through social discourses of intellectual activity of public intellectuals.
Analysis. The article shows that 1) the intellectual community as one of the systemic segments of modern Spanish society makes a significant contribution to the development and transformation of memorial culture, 2) the range of memorial practices of Spanish intellectuals is limited primarily by their participation in strengthening civic identity, 3) memorial practices of the modern intellectual community are interconnected with the development of civil discourse and the revision of the historical experience of the 20th century through the prism of collective trauma. The author also analyzes the participation of intellectuals in the memorial policy of modern Spain. Results. It is assumed that actual involvement of intellectuals in the development of memorial culture inspire the political and ideological heterogeneities of society. The author shows how historical politics in modern Spain promotes the parallel co-development of various forms and dimensions of historical memories generated by left-wing, liberal and right-wing intellectuals. It is implied that the role of civil society in historical politics is decisive, and the intellectual community will remain among active participants in the politics of collective memory, including memory wars and memorial confrontations.
About the Author
M. W. Kyrchanoff
Voronezh State University
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Maksym W. Kyrchanoff - Dr. Sc. (History), Associate Professor
1, Universitetskaya sq., Voronezh, 394000
References
1. Astrov A. Estonia: the political struggle for a place in history. Pro et contra. 2009;May-August:109-124. (In Russ.)
2. Makarov AI. Historical memory: construction or reconstruction? Historical expertise. 2014;(1):4-10. (In Russ.)
3. Miller A. Russia: power and history. Pro et contra. 2009;May-August:6-24. (In Russ.)
4. Scherrer J. Germany and France: working through the past. Pro et contra. 2009;May-August:89-108. (In Russ.)
5. Andrés Llamas M.Á. La Ley de Memoria Democrática: un sólido avance para España. Diritti Comparati. 2022. Novembre 15. Available from: https://www.diritticomparati.it/la-ley-de-memoria-democratica-un-solido-avance-paraespana/ [Accessed 25 March 2025].
6. Atiles-Osoria J.M. Aguilar Fernández, Paloma, Políticas de la memoria y memorias de la política. El caso español en perspectiva comparada. Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais. 2010;(88). Available from: http://journals.openedition.org/rccs/1674 [Accessed 25 March 2025]. https://doi.org/10.4000/rccs.1674
7. Barquer i Cerdà A. La lluita per la memòria històrica i la relació amb la producció cultural. Available from: https://kult.coop/la-lluita-per-la-memoria-historica-i-la-relacio-amb-la-produccio-cultural/ [Accessed 25 March 2025].
8. Bernecker W. La memoria histórica en España: un pasado más actual que nunca. Versants. Revista Suiza De Literaturas románicas. 2020;3(67):119-141. https://doi.org/10.22015/V.RSLR/67.3.10
9. Bonjoch A. La necesidad de recordar. Goethe-Institut Barcelona. 2015. Agosto. Available from: https://www.goethe.de/ins/es/es/kul/sup/eri/20686611.html [Accessed 25 March 2025].
10. Boven T. van, Verdad y negación. Por la paz. 2020;(38). Available from: https://www.icip.cat/ perlapau/es/articulo/verdad-y-negacion/?pdf [Accessed 25 March 2025].
11. Calvet Martínez E. El fenómeno de las desapariciones forzadas en transiciones hacia la paz. Por la paz. 2020;(38). Available from: https://www.icip.cat/perlapau/es/articulo/el-fenomeno-de-las-desapariciones-forzadas-entransiciones-hacia-la-paz/?pdf [Accessed 25 March 2025].
12. Cvijic S. Swinging the Pendulum: World War II History, Politics, National Identity and Difficulties of Reconciliation in Croatia and Serbia. Nationalities Papers. 2008;36(4):713-740.
13. Díez Gutiérrez E.J. La memoria histórica democrática de las mujeres en la escuela. El País. 2024. Februar 21. Available from: https://elpais.com/educacion/2024-02-21/la-memoria-historica-democratica-de-las-mujeres-en-laescuela.html [Accessed 25 March 2025].
14. García Comenares P. La memoria histórica en España. Valladolid: Ediciones Universidad de Valladolid, 2021. 308 p.
15. Guereña J-L. Archivos y memoria de la Guerra Civil. En torno al “Archivo de Salamanca”. Amnis. Revue d'études des sociétés et cultures contemporaines Europe-Amérique. 2011;(2). Available from: http://journals.openedition.org/amnis/1521 [Accessed 25 March 2025]. https://doi.org/10.4000/amnis.1521
16. Hristova M. La lucha por la memoria histórica en España: más allá de la genealogía y las generaciones. Por la paz. 2020;(38). Available from: https://www.icip.cat/perlapau/es/articulo/la-lucha-por-la-memoria-historica-en-espana-masalla-de-la-genealogia-y-las-generaciones/?pdf [Accessed 25 March 2025].
17. Ley 20/2022, de 19 de octubre, de Memoria Democrática. Available from: https://www.boe.es/eli/es/l/2022/10/19/20
18. Ley de la Memoria Histórica (Ley 52/2007 de 26 de Diciembre). Available from: https://www.mpr.gob.es/ memoriademocratica/normativa-y-otros-recusos/Paginas/ley-memoria-historica.aspx [Accessed 25 March 2025].
19. Martínez-Rodríguez R., Sánchez-Agustí M., Muñoz-Labraña C. Enseñar un pasado controvertido desde un presente polarizado: la memoria histórica en España desde la perspectiva docente. Revista de Estudios Sociales. 2022.(81):93-112. Available from: https://journals.openedition.org/revestudsoc/52852 [Accessed 25 March 2025]. https://doi.org/10.7440/res81.2022.06
20. Michonneau S. Espagne. Les fantômes de la guerre civile et du franquisme. Grande Europe. 2009;(6):4-13.
21. Misses-Liwerant J. Política y memoria. Pluralizando los escenarios del pasado y del presente. Revista mexicana de ciencias políticas y sociales. 2014;59(221). Available from: https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0185-19182014000200001 [Accessed 25 March 2025].
22. Outhwaite W., Ray L. Modernity, Memory and Postcommunism. Outhwaite W., Ray L. eds. Social Theory and Postcommunism. L. – NY.: Blackwell Publishing Ltd; 2005. P. 176-197.
23. Ruiz Torres P. Los discursos de la memoria histórica en España. Hispania Nova: Revista de historia contemporánea. 2007;(7). Available from: http://hispanianova.rediris.es/7/dossier/07d001.pdf [Accessed 25 March 2025].
24. Salazar Serna K. Un abrazo resiliente. Relevancia del acompañamiento en casos de desaparición forzada. Por la paz. 2020;(38). Available from: https://www.icip.cat/perlapau/es/articulo/un-abrazo-resiliente-relevancia-delacompanamiento-en-casos-de-desaparicion-forzada/?pdf [Accessed 25 March 2025].
25. Torres Gutiérrez A. Memoria histórica y democracia en España: la tensión entre memoria, justicia y olvido, respecto al franquismo. Civitas Europa. 2022;1(48):125-151.
26. Vestigios franquistas. Available from: https://memoriahistorica.org.es/ambito-juridico/vestigios-franquistas/ [Accessed 25 March 2025].
27. Yusta Rodrigo M. ¿“Memoria versus justicia”?. La “recuperación de la memoria histórica” en la España actual. Amnis. 2011;(2). Available from: http://journals.openedition.org/amnis/1482 [Accessed 25 March 2025]. https://doi.org/10.4000/amnis.1482.
Review
For citations:
Kyrchanoff M.W. State and activist participants in the policy of historical memory in modern Spain. Humanities and law research. 2025;12(3):401-408. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.37493/2409-1030.2025.3.6
Views:
43
Email this article 