Trade in the Kuban in the conditions of the NEP curtailment (1928–1929)

Introduction. The relevance of the problem considered in the article is connected with the great role of trade in the life of modern Russian society. The study of historical experience is determined by the needs of modern Russian society and the state to improve economic policy. The novelty of the research is connected with the study of the problem that has not received proper coverage in the historical literature. The purpose of the study is to analyze the trading activity in the Kuban in the late 1920s in the conditions of the collapse of the NEP and the strengthening of the administrative command system.

Materials and methods. The research was conducted on the basis of the principles of objectivity, historicism and a systematic approach. Special historical methods such as historical-genetic, historical-comparative and statistical methods were used.

Analysis. January 1928 became the boundary separating the period of the culmination of the NEP from its steady curtailment. This fully affected the sphere of trade, which played an important role in the socio-economic development of the country and its individual regions, to which the Kuban belonged. The beginning of this process was the grain procurement crisis, in overcoming which the party leadership began to apply administrative measures, forcing peasants and Cossacks to sell grain at low prices set by the state, while maintaining high prices for manufactured goods. At the same time, there was a displacement of private traders from the trade turnover, which led to an increase in the shortage of consumer goods. To mitigate this problem, the Soviet state began to introduce a centralized food distribution system, which contradicted the NEP principles of trade organization. Along with objective reasons, the development of state and cooperative trade was hindered by such shortcomings as organizational problems, poor training and abuse of trade workers.

Results. According to the results of the conducted research, it can be concluded that trade activity in the Kuban in the late 1920s was carried out under the influence of the processes of curtailing the NEP and increasing administration in the economic policy pursued by the Bolshevik Party. 

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