<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">humanitieslaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гуманитарные и юридические исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humanities and law research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-1030</issn><publisher><publisher-name>North-Caucasus Federal University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37493/2409-1030.2023.4.10</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">humanitieslaw-1347</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ И АРХЕОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Торговая деятельность на Кубани в условиях свертывания НЭПа (1928–1929 гг.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Trade in the Kuban in the conditions of the NEP curtailment (1928–1929)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0005-9555-8713</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стулов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stulov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Алексей Николаевич Стулов, Аспирант</p><p>д. 159, ул. Розы Люксембург, Армавир, 352901</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alexey N. Stulov, Postgraduate student </p><p>159, Rosa Luxemburg St., Armavir, 352901</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alextrip@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Армавирский государственный педагогический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Armavir State Pedagogical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>628</fpage><lpage>634</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стулов А.Н., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стулов А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stulov A.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://humanitieslaw.ncfu.ru/jour/article/view/1347">https://humanitieslaw.ncfu.ru/jour/article/view/1347</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Актуальность рассматриваемой в статье проблемы связана с заметной ролью торговли в современной российской экономике. Изучение исторического опыта обусловлено потребностями современного российского общества и государства в совершенствовании экономической политики. Новизна исследования связана со слабой изученностью темы в современной историографии. Целью исследования является анализ торговой деятельности на Кубани в конце 1920-х гг. в условиях свертывания НЭПа и усиления административно-командной системы.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Исследование проводилось на основе принципов объективности, историзма и системного подхода. Были использованы такие специально-исторические методы, как историко-генетический, историко-сравнительный и статистический.</p></sec><sec><title>Анализ</title><p>Анализ. Январь 1928 г. стал рубежом, отделявшим период кульминации НЭПа от его неуклонного свертывания. В полной мере это коснулось сферы торговли, игравшей важную роль в социально-экономическом развитии страны и ее отдельных регионов, к которым принадлежала Кубань. Началом этого процесса стал хлебозаготовительный кризис, при преодолении которого партийное руководство стало применять меры административного характера, вынуждая крестьян и казаков продавать зерно по установленным государством низким ценам, сохраняя высокие цены на промтовары. Одновременно происходило вытеснение из торгового оборота частных торговцев, что привело к росту дефицита товаров широкого потребления.</p><p>Для ослабления этой проблемы советское государство стало вводить централизованную систему распределения продовольствия, что противоречило нэповским принципам организации торговли. Наряду с объективными причинами, развитию государственной и кооперативной торговли мешали такие недостатки, как организационные проблемы, слабая подготовка и злоупотребления торговых работников.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. По итогам проведенного исследования можно сделать вывод о том, что торговая деятельность на Кубани в конце 1920-х гг. осуществлялась под влиянием процессов свертывания НЭПа и нарастания администрирования в проводимой большевистской партией экономической политике.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The relevance of the problem considered in the article is connected with the great role of trade in the life of modern Russian society. The study of historical experience is determined by the needs of modern Russian society and the state to improve economic policy. The novelty of the research is connected with the study of the problem that has not received proper coverage in the historical literature. The purpose of the study is to analyze the trading activity in the Kuban in the late 1920s in the conditions of the collapse of the NEP and the strengthening of the administrative command system.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The research was conducted on the basis of the principles of objectivity, historicism and a systematic approach. Special historical methods such as historical-genetic, historical-comparative and statistical methods were used.</p></sec><sec><title>Analysis</title><p>Analysis. January 1928 became the boundary separating the period of the culmination of the NEP from its steady curtailment. This fully affected the sphere of trade, which played an important role in the socio-economic development of the country and its individual regions, to which the Kuban belonged. The beginning of this process was the grain procurement crisis, in overcoming which the party leadership began to apply administrative measures, forcing peasants and Cossacks to sell grain at low prices set by the state, while maintaining high prices for manufactured goods. At the same time, there was a displacement of private traders from the trade turnover, which led to an increase in the shortage of consumer goods. To mitigate this problem, the Soviet state began to introduce a centralized food distribution system, which contradicted the NEP principles of trade organization. Along with objective reasons, the development of state and cooperative trade was hindered by such shortcomings as organizational problems, poor training and abuse of trade workers.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. According to the results of the conducted research, it can be concluded that trade activity in the Kuban in the late 1920s was carried out under the influence of the processes of curtailing the NEP and increasing administration in the economic policy pursued by the Bolshevik Party. </p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>торговая деятельность</kwd><kwd>новая экономическая политика</kwd><kwd>хлебозаготовки</kwd><kwd>администрирование</kwd><kwd>торговый оборот</kwd><kwd>частная торговля</kwd><kwd>кооперация</kwd><kwd>Кубань</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>trade activity</kwd><kwd>new economic policy</kwd><kwd>grain procurement</kwd><kwd>administration</kwd><kwd>trade turnover</kwd><kwd>private trade</kwd><kwd>cooperation</kwd><kwd>Kuban</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Антошкин А. В. Торговля БАССР под влиянием кризисов 1923 и 1927 годов: от внедрения в экономику административных методов к свертыванию рыночных отношений // Вестник Челябинского государственного университета. 2010. № 18 (199). История. Вып. 41. С. 87–94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Antoshkin A. V. BASSR trade under the influence of the crises of 1923 and 1927: from the introduction of administrative methods intothe economy to the curtailment of market relations. Vestnik CHelyabinskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. 2010;18(199). History. Issue 41:87-94. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баранов А. В. Экономическое и социальное развитие Юга России в условиях новой экономической политики 1920-х гг. Краснодар: Кубанский государственный университет, 2019. 253 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baranov A V. Economic and social development of the South of Russia in the conditions of the new economic policy of the 1920s. Krasnodar: Kuban State University publ., 2019. 253 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Государственный архив Краснодарского края (далее – ГАКК). Ф. Р-226. Оп.1. Д.41.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The State Archive of the Krasnodar Territory (hereinafter – GAKK). F. R-226. Inv.1. D.41. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАКК. Ф. Р-226. Оп.1. Д.193.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GAKK. F. R-226. Inv.1. D.193. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАКК. Ф. Р-226. Оп.1. Д.375.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GAKK. F. R-226. Inv.1. D.375. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАКК. Ф. Р-263. Оп.1. Д.447.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GAKK. F. R-263. Inv.1. D.447. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАКК. Ф. Р-551. Оп.1. Д.56.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GAKK. F. R-551. Inv.1. D.56. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАКК. Ф. Р-551. Оп.1. Д.60.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GAKK. F. R-551. Inv.1. D.60. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАКК. Ф. Р-551. Оп.1. Д.71.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GAKK. F. R-551. Inv.1. D.71. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ГАКК. Ф. Р-1594. Оп.1. Д.47.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">GAKK. F. R-1594. Op.1. D.47. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Килин А. П. Частнопредпринимательский уклад в отечественной экономике 1920-х гг.: взгляд через век // ЭКО. 2021. № 3. С.8-34.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kilin A  P. Private entrepreneurial way of life in the domestic economy of the 1920s: a look through the century. ECO. 2021;3:8-34. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Панарин А. А. Эволюция кооперации на Дону и Северном Кавказе в 1921-1929 гг. 2-е изд, испр. и доп. Армавир: РИО АГПУ, 2017. 336 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Panarin A  A. Evolution of cooperation in the Don and the North Caucasus in 1921-1929. 2nd ed., ispr. and add. Armavir: ASPU publ.;2017. 336 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Россия нэповская / С. А. Павлюченков и др. Москва: Новый хронограф, 2002. 468 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Russia Nepovskaya. S A. Pavlyuchenkov et al. Moscow: Novy Chronograph; 2002. 468 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Трагедия советской деревни. Коллективизация и раскулачивание. 1927-1939: Документы и материалы: В 5 т. Т. 1: Май 1927 - ноябрь 1929 / Сост.: В. Данилов и др. Москва: РОССПЭН, 1999. 877 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The tragedy of the Soviet village. Collectivization and dispossession. 1927-1939: Documents and materials: In 5 vols. Vol. 1: May1927 - November 1929. Comp.: V. Danilov et al. Moscow: ROSSPEN; 1999. 877 p. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Трудовой путь. 1928. 31 января.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The work path. 1928. January 31. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Центр документации новейшей истории Краснодарского края (далее ЦДНИКК). Ф.8. Оп.1. Д.12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">The Center for Documentation of the modern history of the Krasnodar Territory (hereinafter CDNIKK). F.8. Inv.1. D.12. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф.8. Оп.1. Д.14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F.8. Inv.1. D.14. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф. 8. Оп.1. Д.15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F. 8. Inv.1. D.15. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф.8. Оп.1. Д.17.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F.8. Inv.1. D.17. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф.8. Оп.1. Д.21.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F.8. Inv.1. D.21. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф.8. Оп.1. Д.539.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F.8. Inv.1. D.539. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф.8. Оп.1. Д.540.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F.8. Inv.1. D.540. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф.8. Оп.1. Д.543.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F.8. Inv.1. D.543. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф.8. Оп.1. Д.556.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F.8. Inv.1. D.556. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф.8. Оп.1. Д.559.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F.8. Inv.1. D.559. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф.8. Оп.1. Д.567.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F.8. Inv.1. D.567. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф.8. Оп.1. Д.572.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F.8. Inv.1. D.572. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф.9. Оп.1. Д.832.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F.9. Inv.1. D.832. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ЦДНИКК. Ф.9. Оп.1. Д.897.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">CDNIKK. F.9. Inv.1. D.897. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Яхутль Ю.А. Роль торговли в рамках новой экономической политики в 1920-х гг. (на примере Кубано-Черноморской области) // Историческая и социально-образовательная мысль. 2012. № 4 (14). С.65–69.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yahutl YuA. The role of trade in the framework of the new economic policy in the 1920s (on the example of the Kuban-Black Searegion). Istoricheskaya i social'no-obrazovatel'naya mysl. 2012;4(14):65-69. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
