WITCHCRAFT IN COURTROOMS. SOME REFLECTION ON POST-COLONIAL AFRICA
Abstract
Today witchcraft and occult practices are significant part of social interactions, economic and political processes in Africa. The theoretical basis of the given article are the ideas of modern ethnologists and anthropologists, which consider magic and witchcraft as a social system, regulating and supporting the tension balance of the post-colonial African societies. The starting point is the thesis of modernization models plurality in contemporary societies, which determines the idea of witchcraft and magic as an integral part of single modernizations. Thus witchcraft appears not only as a relic of the past, but mostly as a volatile paradigm, the content of which may vary and take on other configurations, while remaining effective basis in the post-colonial society. Cases of a judicial incidents and political phenomena of modern African states were used in this article as arguments, they proving the efficacy of witchcraft, as part of the discourse production in the opposition press, orally transmittable rumors and gossip, as a kind of weapon of the socio political opposition to official authorities and society.
References
1. Anderson B. Comunitá immaginate. Origini e diffusione dei nazionalismi. Prefazione e cura di M. D’ Eramo, traduzione dall’ inglese di M. Vignale. - Roma, 1996. (Edizione originale Imagined communities. Raflections on the origin and spread of nationalism. London, 1983).
2. Appadurai A. Modernitá in polvere. Traduzione in inglese di P. Vereni. - Roma, 2001. (Edizione originale: Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimension of Globalization. Minneapolis-London, 1996).
3. Bastian M. L. «Bloodhounds who have no friends»: witchcraft and locality in the Nigerian popular. P. 129-166 // Modernity and its malcontents. Ritual and power in postcolonial Africa / Cur. Komaroff J. - Komaroff J. Chicago-London, 1993.
4. Bastian Misty L. Vulture men, campus cultists and teenaged witches. Modern magics in Nigerian popular media. P. 71-96 // Magical interpretations, material realities. Modernity, witchcraft and the occult in postcolonial Africa / Cur. Moore H. L. - Sanders T. - London - New-York, 2001.
5. Comaroff J. - Comaroff J.L. Modernity and its malcontents. Ritual and power in postcolonial Africa. - Chicago-London, 1993.
6. Comaroff J. - Comaroff J.L. Introduction. P. XI-XXXVII // Modernity and its malcontents. Ritual and power in postcolonial Africa. - Chicago-London, 1993.
7. Evans-Pritchard E.E. Stregoneria, oracoli, magia tra gli Azande. Traduzione dall’ inglese di B. Bernardi, F. Angeli. - Milano, 1976. (Edizione orig. Witchcraft, Oracles and Magic among the Azande. Oxford, 1937).
8. Fabian J. Il tempo e gli altri. La politica del tempo in antropologia. Traduzione dall’ inglese di L. Rodeghiero. - Napoli, 2000. (Edizione orig. Time and the other. How anthropology makes its object. New-York, 1983).
9. Field M. J. Some new shrine of the Gold Coast and their significance // Africa. Journal of the International African Institute. - 1940. - Vol. 13.
10. Field M. J. Search for security. An ethno-psychiatric study of rural Ghana. - London, 1960.
11. Fisiy C. F. - Geschiere P. Witchcraft, development and paranoia in Cameroon: interactions between popular, academic and state discours P. 226-246// Magical interpretations, material realities. Modernity, witchcraft and the occult in postcolonial Africa / Cur. Moore H. L. - Sanders T. - London - New-York, 2001.
12. Geschiere P. Sorcellerie et politique en Afrique. La viande des autres. - Paris. 1995.
13. Grottanelli Vinigi L. Witchcraft an allegory. P. 321-329 // Medical Antropologie / Cur. F. X. Crollig - Haley H. B. - Paris, 1976.
14. Grottanelli Vinigi L. Una societá guineana: gli Nzema. 2. Ordine morale e salvezza terrena. - Torino, 1978.
15. Latouche S. L’ altra Africa. Tra dono e mercato. Traduzione dal francese di A. Salsano. - Torino, 2000. (Edizione orig.: L’ autre Afrique: entre don et marché. Paris, 1998).
16. Moore H. L. - Sanders T. Magical interpretations, material realities. Modernity, witchcraft and the occult in postcolonial Africa / Cur. Moore H. L. - Sanders T. - London - New-York, 2001.
17. Moore H. L. - Sanders T. Magical interpretations and material realities. An introduction. P. 1 - 27 // Modernity, witchcraft and the occult in postcolonial Africa / Cur. Moore H. L. - Sanders T. - London - New-York, 2001.
18. Moore S. F. Antropologia e Africa. Traduzione dall’ inglese di A. Bellagamba e M. Scala. - Milano, 2004. (Edizione orig.: Antropology and Africa. Changing perspective on a changing scene. Charlottesville- London, 1994).
19. Nyamnijch F. B. Delusions of development and the enrichment of witchcraft discourse in Cameroon. P. 28 - 49 // Magical interpretations, material realities. Modernity, witchcraft and the occult in postcolonial Africa / Cur. Moore H. L. - Sanders T. - London - New-York, 2001.
20. Patella G. Sul postmoderno. Per un postmodernismo della resistenza. - Roma, 1990.
21. Richards A. I. A modern movement of witch-finder // Africa. Journal of the International African Institute. - 1935 - Vol. 8. - № 4.
Review
For citations:
Schirripa P. WITCHCRAFT IN COURTROOMS. SOME REFLECTION ON POST-COLONIAL AFRICA. Humanities and law research. 2015;(2):28-35. (In Russ.)