THE CONTENT STRUCTURE OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH CHARACTEROLOGICAL SEMANTICS IN MODERN FRENCH

The article is devoted to the study of French phraseological units, which represent an extensive class of units with its own distinctive features and functions in speech. Particular attention is paid to the problems of the content structure of phraseological units with characterological semantics and their component composition. The semantic component - seme - is used to describe the content structure of phraseological units. Arhiseme is also used to form the differential part of the meaning of phraseological units, as every phraseological unit has its own semantic features, which are expressed by differentiative semes. Differentiative semes of phraseological units are unique semantic components that point out the differences between phraseological units and their synonyms. In this article, we also consider synonymous series of phraseological units that point to all sorts of shades and subtleties of the characteristics of human qualities, and which allow us to use the synonymous substitution of individual components of the word combination. In this research, particular attention is paid to some specific features of French phraseological units: highly developed variation of phraseological units allows us to substitute individual components of the word combination. Differences in meaning of phraseological synonyms are shown explicitly. The categorical feature implicitly expressed in the meaning of phraseological units is «qualitative and evaluative characteristics of individual qualities of the person»; this feature is highly abstract, differences in meaning are demonstrated in speciic conditions.

1. Арсентьева Е. Ф. Коннотативный макрокомпонент фразеологического значения // Ученые записки Казанского университета. Т. 135. Казань: КГУ, 1998. С. 24-29.

2. Гак В. Г. Беседы о французском слове. Из сравнительной лексикологии французского и русского языков. М.: Ленанд, 2014. 336 с.

3. Гак В. Г. К проблеме семантической синтагматики // Проблемы структурной лингвистики. М.: Наука, 1972. С. 367-395.

4. Иванникова Е. А. Синонимические отношения между фразеологическими единицами и словами // Очерки по синонимике современного русского литературного языка. М.-Л.: Наука, 1966. С. 69-96.

5. Кунин А. В. Курс фразеологии современного английского языка. М.: Высшая школа, 1996. 381 с.

6. Назарян А. Г. Фразеология современного французского языка. М.: Высшая школа, 1987. 287 с.

7. Смирнова Н. С. Занимательный французско-русский фразеологический словарь. М.: Муравей, 2000. 384 с.