TERRITORIAL DIMENSION OF FOREIGN POLICY OF SPAIN AT THE TURN OF XX–XXI CENTURY
https://doi.org/10.37493/2409-1030.2021.2.3
Abstract
Foreign policy of Spain has acquired a stable multivector character. Spain is actively trying, with account of available resources and ambitions, to take a proper place in Europe, Latin America and the world as a whole. The article reveals the goals of foreign policy of Spain: substantiate foreign policy vectors; to show territorial dimension of foreign policy; to uncover strategy of external actions; to substantiate multilevel action line between Spain and the USA. Much attention is paid to Ibero-American relations. The foreign policy triad of Spain is issued: European, NorthAmerican and Latin-American. Considerable attention is paid to the issue of the interaction of the country under consideration with NATO, the formation of a European missile defense system. The article analyzes the situation in the disputed territories, in particular, in Gibraltar. A new direction of Spanish foreign policy is its relations with the States of East Asia. The growth of investments in Vietnam and Malaysia is considered. Spain continues to focus on North Africa. The article describes special Spanish-Moroccan relations. The status of Western Sahara and the ownership of the Canary Islands also contribute to concerns of Madrid in the South. The special connection with the countries of the Mediterranean basin within the framework of the Barsolon process is emphasized. The article analyzes the internal party debates in the state about military actions with NATO allies. A feature of Spanish foreign policy is the wideranging hearings on the country’s further military doctrine. It is argued that the country seeks to realize its national interests through participation in organizations in which it is far from the key.
About the Author
A. A. Vartumyan
North-Caucasus Federal University;
North-Caucasus Federal University (branch in Pyatigorsk)
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Doctor of Political Science, Professor, Foreign History, Political Science and Foreign Affairs Department;
Deputy Director for Research and Innovation, Institute of Service, Tourism and Design
References
1. Chislett W. Global Spain: the country’s economic, military and soft presence. July 2017 // Fundación Real Instituto Elcano, URL: http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/wcm/connect/57d01e71-349f-413d-8c6e-cd0f3863d534 /WP8-2017-Chislett-Global-Spain-economic-military-soft-power.pdf?MOD=AJPERES& CACHEID=57d01e71-349f-413d-8c6ecd0f3863d534 (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
2. Canada – Spain Relations: Fact Sheet // Embassy of Canada to Spain, URL: http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/spainespagne/bilateral_relations_ (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
3. Cooperación, URL: http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/en/PoliticaExteriorCooperacion/Iberoamerica/Paginas/Inicio.aspx (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
4. Estatal Boletín Oficial del Estado URL: https://www.boe.es/buscar/act.php?id=BOE-A-2014-3248 (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
5. El Gobierno aprueba la Estrategia de Acción Exterior // España Exterior, URL: http://www.espanaexterior.com/noticias/el-gobierno-aprueba-la-estrategia-de-accion-exterior/ (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
6. Estrategia de Acción Exterior // Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores y de Cooperación URL: http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/es/SalaDePrensa/Multimedia/Publicaciones/Documents/ESTRATEGIA%20DE%20ACCION%20EXTERIOR%20 castellano.pdf (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
7. España y Estados Unidos // Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación URL: http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/es/PoliticaExteriorCooperacion/Espa%C3%B1ayEEUU/Paginas/inicio.aspx (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
8. España y Estados Unidos // Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación, URL: http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/es/PoliticaExteriorCooperacion/Espa%C3%B1ayEEUU/Paginas/inicio.aspx (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
9. ExteriorCooperacion/Mediterraneo/Paginas/inicio.aspx; Otras Iniciativas // Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación, URL: http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/es/PoliticaExteriorCooperacion/Mediterraneo/Paginas/OtrasIniciativas.aspx (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
10. Foreign Affairs and Cooperation: Ibero-America URL: http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/en/PoliticaExteriorCooperacion/Iberoamerica/Paginas/Inicio.aspx (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
11. Mediterráneo // Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación URL: http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/es/PoliticaExteriorCooperacion/Mediterraneo/Paginas/inicio.aspx (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
12. Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación URL: https://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/Paginas/index.aspx (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
13. Mediterránea: del proceso de Barcelona a la Unión por el Mediterráneo URL: http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/es/PoliticaExteriorCooperacion/Mediterraneo/Paginas/PartenariadoEuroMediterraneo.aspx (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
14. Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación URL: http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/es/PoliticaExteriorCooperacion/ (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
15. Ley 2/2014, de 25 de marzo, de la Acción y del Servicio Exterior del Estado // Agencia Olivié I., Gracia M., Gomariz M. Spain in the world: an analysis of the Elcano Global Presence Index 2016 // Fundación Real Instituto Elcano, URL: http://www.realinstitutoelcano.org/wps/portal/rielcano_en/contenido?WCM_GLOBAL_CONTEXT=/elcano/elcano_in/zonas_in/spanishforeignpolicy/ari103-2017-olivie-gracia-gomariz-spain-in-the-world-analysis-elcano-global-presence-index-2016 (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
16. La Unión Europea // Ministerio de Asuntos Exteriores, Unión Europea y Cooperación, URL: http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/es/PoliticaExteriorCooperacion/UnionEuropea/Paginas/Inicio.aspx (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
17. Otros procesos: Diálogo 5+5 y Foromed URL: http://www.exteriores.gob.es/portal/es/politicaexteriorcooperacion/mediterraneo/paginas/otrosprocesos.aspx (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
18. Molina M. Estrategia de Acción Exterior: logro, ‘ma non troppo’ // Estudios de Política Exterior URL: https://www.politicaexterior.com/articulos/politica-exterior/estrategia-de-accion-exterior-logro-ma-non-troppo/ (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
19. Moa P. Ceuta, Melilla y Marruecos. – Libertad Digital, 2010 URL: http://www.libertaddigital.com/opinion/pio-moa/ceutamelilla-y-marruecos-55864 (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
20. Trust and Non-Self-Govering territories – the United Nations and Decolonization, 1945–1999 URL: http://www.un.org/en/decolonization/nonselfgov.shtml (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
21. Radio Qroo. Mapas de Google causa conflicto entre naciones, 2010 URL: http://radioquintanaroo.com/mapas-de-googlecausa-conflicto-entre-naciones (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
22. Ángel Pérez. Ceuta y Melilla en el marco de las relaciones hispano-marroquíes, 2004 URL: http://ribei.org/477/1/ARI-89-2004-E.pdf (Дата обращения: 21.01.2021).
23. Gold P. Europe or Africa? A contemporary study of the Spanish North African Enclaves of Ceuta and Melilla. Liverpool, 2000.
Review
For citations:
Vartumyan A.A. TERRITORIAL DIMENSION OF FOREIGN POLICY OF SPAIN AT THE TURN OF XX–XXI CENTURY. Humanities and law research. 2021;(2):23-28. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.37493/2409-1030.2021.2.3
Views:
437
Email this article 