On the medical and sanitary condition of the cities of the South of Russia by the example of the city of Nakhichevan-on-Don in the late 19th - early 20th centuries

Introduction. The The history of the city of Nakhichevan-on-Don is a little-studied topic, the active study of which for the most part began only in the late 20th early 21st centuries. There are practically no special studies on the history of the activities of the city public administration on sanitary conditions in Nakhichevan-on-Don.

Materials and Methods. The study was conducted within the framework of urban studies. Historicism as a fundamental principle of any scientific research in the field of history shows cause-and-effect relationships and the social context of all social processes. When analyzing the materials, such scientific methods of historical research as historical-genetic, historical-comparative, historical-typological and structural-functional ones were used.

Analysis. The work is devoted to the study of the activities of the city public administration to improve the sanitary condition of the city. In the pre-reform period, the city fathers practically did not observe sanitary standards. In 1888, a decision was made to establish a medical and police commission for the cities of Rostov and Nakhichevan-onDon under the leadership of sanitary doctors of Rostov-on-Don. On the initiative of the city Duma member I.M. Kelle-Shaginov, a Sanitary Committee was created. It was obliged to monitor the cleanliness of the city, monitored the removal of city garbage, and ensured sanitary conditions at the city enterprises. In 1901, a project for a sanitary executive committee was drawn up under the Nakhichevan city. In connection with this, in 1901, the Nakhichevan City Administration held a meeting on the issue of taking sanitary measures in the city to prevent highly contagious diseases. On the initiative of the city mayor M.I. Balabanov, a sanitary council was created in 1904.

 Results. As a result of the study, it can be concluded that the city public administration, approved in 1870, took care of the sanitary condition of the city, cleanliness on the streets, in craft and industrial establishments, and created conditions for preventing the spread of infectious diseases.

1. Barkhudaryan VB. The history of the Armenian colony of New Nakhichevan (1779-1917). Ed. by S Daroyan, V Khachaturian. Yerevan: Hayastan; 1996. 528 p. (In Russ.).

2. The State Archive of the Rostov region (GARO). F.91, Inv.1. 470 (In Russ.).

3. GARO. F.91. Inv.1. 494 (In Russ.).

4. GARO. F.91. Inv.1. 737 (In Russ.).

5. GARO. F.91. Inv.1. 1010 (In Russ.).

6. GARO. F.91. Inv.1. 1059 (In Russ.).

7. GARO. F.91. Inv.1. d. 1216 (In Russ.).

8. GARO. F.91. Inv.1. 1218 (In Russ.).

9. Kazarov SS. The activities of the city administration for the improvement of Nakhichevan-on-Don. (The second half of the XIX-early XX centuries). Armenian Studies Bulletin. YSU (on the arm. language). Yerevan: YSU publ.; 2015. P. 99-105 (In Russ.).

10. The Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire: The first meeting: From 1649 to December 12, 1825. Vol.20. St. Petersburg: Printing Office of II of the Department of the E. I. V. Chancellery; 1830. 1050 p. (In Russ.).

11. Saryan MS. From my life. Edited by ShG Khachatryan. Moscow: Izobrazitelnoe Iskusstvo; 1990. 241 p. (In Russ.).

12. Khalpakhchyan OH. Architecture of Nakhichevan-on-Do. Yerevan: Hayastan; 1988. 168 p. (In Russ.).