Administrative and judicial transformations of the Russian Empire in the North Caucasus in the 60s of the 19th century

Abstract. The socio-cultural diversity of the North Caucasus has set the Russian state the task of finding the most effective model of regional governance and developing optimal rules for the future structure of the region. The administrative and judicial system being implemented had to take into account the realia in the relations between the Russian authorities and the autochthonous peoples of the Caucasus to the greatest extent, thereby contributing to the establishment of relations in the conditions of the gradual extinction of the armed confrontation. In this regard, the article tells about the formation of the Russian system of administrative and judicial regulation in the Caucasus in the 60s of the XIX century and the peculiarities of the regional implementation of transformations. Materials and Methods. The source base of this study consists of archival materials and published sources related to various stages of the study period. The materials presented in such major publications as The Complete Collection of Laws of the Russian Empire and the Acts Collected by the Caucasian Archaeological Commission were of great importance. The principles of scientific and historicism were applied as methods of historical and political research, as well as such scientific methods as historical systemic, historical-comparative and descriptive ones, which allowed a deeper understanding of the historical processes that took place in the North Caucasus during the period under review. Analysis. A review of the legislative framework establishing the functioning of the military-people's management system testifies to the exclusivity of this system. Thus, the military management system operating on the territory of the Dagestan, Terek and Kuban regions at all its levels had a wide range of powers that granted rights in the field of control over the judicial system, the use of troops, detention and administrative expulsion of representatives of indigenous peoples. At the same time, insufficiently clear formulations defining the procedure for the exercise of these powers, as well as the lack of structures allowing for independent control, increased the likelihood of abuse by officials of the military-people's management system of their official duties. Results. The formation of a system of military-people's administration in the North Caucasus has made it possible to successfully implement all the tasks facing the Russian administration in the period under review. In addition, it was possible to eliminate the threat of the war that existed in the region after the destruction of the imamate.

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