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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">humanitieslaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гуманитарные и юридические исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humanities and law research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-1030</issn><publisher><publisher-name>North-Caucasus Federal University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37494/2409-1030-2018-3-49-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">humanitieslaw-332</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ И АРХЕОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>СПРАВЕДЛИВАЯ ВОЙНА РУКАМИ ЧАСТНИКА: «ПРИВАТИЗАЦИЯ» ВОЕННЫХ ДЕЙСТВИЙ НА МОРЕ В АНГЛИИ В 1585-1603 гг</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>RIGHTFUL WAR BY THE HANDS OF PRIVATE OWNER: "PRIVATIZATION" OF NAVAL ACTIONS IN ENGLAND OF 1585-1603</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гаврилов</surname><given-names>Сергей Николаевич</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gavrilov</surname><given-names>Sergey</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">serggavr75@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Южный федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Southern Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>20</day><month>09</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>49</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гаврилов С.Н., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гаврилов С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gavrilov S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://humanitieslaw.ncfu.ru/jour/article/view/332">https://humanitieslaw.ncfu.ru/jour/article/view/332</self-uri><abstract><p>К концу правления Тюдоров Англия представляла собой одну из ведущих морских держав. Ее способность бросить вызов и противостоять крупнейшей колониальной империи опиралась на мощные военно-морские силы, являвшиеся значительным фактором в международных отношениях конца XVI в. Военно-морская история тюдоровской эпохи традиционно вызывает интерес исследователей. Не осталось без внимания историков и каперство, преимущественно исследуемое как самостоятельное явление, в отрыве от истории королевского флота. Таким образом, вопрос о роли частных морских сил в англо-испанской войне, их взаимодействии с флотом по-прежнему актуален. Генрих VIII Тюдор за короткий срок создал передовой мощный флот, превратив его из «события» феодальной эпохи в постоянно действующий государственный институт, показавший свою жизнеспособность даже в условиях частичной дезорганизации государственной власти середины века. На протяжении правления Эдуарда VI и Марии Тюдор этот флот позволял короне не зависеть в военном отношении от сил подданных, которые представляли лишь вспомогательный контингент. Но цена, которую платила корона за свое независимое положение, была высока, содержание «любимого детища Тюдоров» было чрезмерно затратным и шло второй строкой в королевском бюджете. В правление Елизаветы Тюдор с началом англо-испанской войны расходы на флот превратились в неподъемную ношу для истощенной королевской казны. Это неизбежно привело к изменению положения военно-морских сил и к изменению отношения к ним со стороны государственной власти. Если во времена Генриха VIII, Эдуарда VI и Марии Тюдор стратегия и тактика действий на море в любых условиях оставались прерогативой короны, то начиная с 1580-х гг частные силы постепенно перехватывают инициативу. В новых условиях королева была вынуждена играть роль хоть и привилегированного, но партнера. Королевская власть с утратой контроля над частными военно-морскими силами частично теряет и монополию на определение стратегии и тактики морской войны. Отныне именно частники становятся двигателем войны, корона же превращается в одного из главных поставщиков военно-морских ресурсов, извлекающего из сложившегося положения финансовую и стратегическую выгоду. Впрочем, такое «сотрудничество» государства и частных сил вполне решало задачи, стоящие перед Англией. В данной статье рассмотрена частная военно-морская инициатива в качестве двигателя англо-испанской войны 1585-1603 гг.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>By the end of the Tudor rule, England was one of the leading maritime powers. Its ability to challenge and oppose the largest colonial empire rested on powerful naval forces, which were a significant factor in international relations at the end of the 16th century. The naval history of the Tudor period traditionally attracts interest of researchers. Privateering is also an object of interest, but previously it was primarily explored as an independent phenomenon, in isolation from the history of the Royal Navy. Thus, the issue of the role of private naval forces in the Anglo-Spanish war, their cooperation with the Navy remains relevant. Henry VIII Tudor, in short time, created a powerful navy, turning it from an "event" of the feudal epoch into a permanent state institution that showed its viability even under conditions of partial disorganization of state power in the middle of the century. This English navy was very advanced by the standards of the early Modern times. During the reign of Edward VI and Maria Tudor, the navy allowed the Crown to be militarily independent of the forces of its subjects, which now represented only an auxiliary contingent. However, the price paid by the crown for this independent position was very high, since the maintenance of the "beloved child of the Tudors" was excessively expensive and always ranked second in the state budget. In the reign of Elizabeth Tudor, since the beginning of the Anglo-Spanish war, the cost of the navy turned into an unbearable burden for the almost empty royal treasury. This inevitably led to a change in the position of the naval forces and to a change in the perception of royal navy by government. While in the time of Henry VIII, Edward VI and Maria Tudor, the strategy and tactics of maritime actions in any conditions remained the prerogative of the crown, then since the 1580s onwards, private forces are gradually intercepting the initiative. Under the new conditions, the queen was forced to play the role of a privileged, but partner. The royal power, with the loss of control over private naval forces, is also losing its monopoly on the development of a strategy and tactics of the naval war. Henceforth those were the private owners who became the engine of war, the crown turned into one of the main suppliers of naval resources, primarily royal ships. Elizabeth had financial and strategic benefits from the current situation. However, such "cooperation" between the state and private forces completely solved the problems facing England. This article deals with the private naval initiative as the engine of the Anglo-Spanish War of 1585-1603.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Англия</kwd><kwd>Тюдоры</kwd><kwd>английский флот</kwd><kwd>каперство</kwd><kwd>англо-испанская война</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>England</kwd><kwd>the Tudors</kwd><kwd>the English fleet</kwd><kwd>privateering</kwd><kwd>the Anglo-Spanish war</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гаврилов С. Н. Английский флот эпохи Тюдоров как государственный институт. Ростов-на-Дону: Издательство ЮФУ, 2014. 204 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Гаврилов С. Н. 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