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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">humanitieslaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гуманитарные и юридические исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humanities and law research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-1030</issn><publisher><publisher-name>North-Caucasus Federal University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37493/2409-1030.2025.3.11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">humanitieslaw-1606</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ядерный фактор в советско-американских отношениях на завершающей стадии Второй мировой войны: к 80-летию бомбардировок Хиросимы и Нагасаки</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The nuclear factor in Soviet-American relations at the final stage of World War II: to the 80th anniversary of the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5051-6107</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пикалова</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pikalova</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василина Сергеевна Пикалова - Кандидат исторических наук</p><p>д. 417 «А», ул. Ленина, Ставрополь, 355029</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasilina S. Pikalova - Cand. Sc. (History)</p><p>417A, Lenin Str., Stavropol, 355029</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasklo@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0153-8641</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пикалов</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pikalov</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитрий Владимирович Пикалов - Кандидат исторических наук, доцент</p><p>д. 417 «А», ул. Ленина, Ставрополь, 355029</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitry V. Pikalov - Cand. Sc. (History), Associate Professor</p><p>417A, Lenin Str., Stavropol, 355029</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">swaromir@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ставропольский государственный педагогический институт</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>444</fpage><lpage>454</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пикалова В.С., Пикалов Д.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пикалова В.С., Пикалов Д.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pikalova V.S., Pikalov D.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://humanitieslaw.ncfu.ru/jour/article/view/1606">https://humanitieslaw.ncfu.ru/jour/article/view/1606</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Ядерные бомбардировки Хиросимы и Нагасаки рассматриваются в исследовании как поворотный момент, оказавший существенное воздействие на формирование Ялтинско-Потсдамской системы международных отношений и предопределивший начало холодной войны. Актуальность изучения влияния ядерного фактора на советско-американские отношения в 1945 г. обусловлена тем, что установление причин возникновения холодной войны и биполярной конфронтации выступает основой для понимания истоков современного миропорядка.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. На основе рассекреченных материалов Архива национальной безопасности США, советских документов, дневников американских политических и военных деятелей, периодической печати исследуется такой аспект разработки и применения ядерного оружия на завершающей стадии Второй мировой войны как использование его в качестве инструмента давления на СССР.</p></sec><sec><title>Анализ</title><p>Анализ. В статье рассматривается, как в американском руководстве, несмотря на союзнические отношения, формировалось представление о необходимости перехода к силовой политике в отношении СССР. Анализируется влияние первого испытания ядерного оружия и раскрытия информации о нем на формирование послевоенного мироустройства и советско-американские отношения. Обращается внимание, что принятие решения о возобновлении советской ядерной программы произошло в 1942 г., в один из критических периодов Великой Отечественной войны, что демонстрирует понимание стратегической важности атомного проекта для обеспечения безопасности страны в будущем. Исследование показывает, что, несмотря на сопровождавшую ядерные бомбардировки японских городов пропаганду, в мире существовали опасения относительно их последствий и перспектив для развития международных отношений.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Переход США к стратегии силовой дипломатии в отношении СССР начался еще до Потсдамской конференции. США рассматривали вступление СССР в войну против Японии как значимый фактор для достижения победы и стремились использовать новую технологию ядерного оружия для стимулирования советского военного вмешательства. Атомная монополия США подорвала доверие в союзнических отношениях и привела к эскалации напряженности между двумя державами, предопределив их дальнейшее противостояние.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The nuclear bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki are considered in the study as a turning point that had a significant impact on the formation of the YaltaPotsdam system of international relations and predetermined the beginning of the Cold War. The relevance of studying the influence of the nuclear factor on Soviet-American relations in 1945 is due to the fact that the establishment of the causes of the cold War and bipolar confrontation serves as the basis for understanding the origins of the modern world order.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Based on declassified materials from the US National Security Archive, Soviet documents, diaries of American political and military figures, periodicals, the author examines such an aspect of the development and use of nuclear weapons at the final stage of World War II as their use as an instrument of pressure on the USSR.</p></sec><sec><title>Analysis</title><p>Analysis. The article examines how the American leadership, despite the allied relations, formed the idea of the need to switch to a forceful policy towards the USSR. The influence of the first nuclear weapons est and the disclosure of information about it on the formation of the post-war world order and Soviet-American relations is analyzed. Attention is drawn to the fact that the decision to resume the Soviet nuclear program took place in 1942, during one of the critical periods of the Great Patriotic War, which demonstrates the understanding of the strategic importance of the atomic project for ensuring the security of the country in the future. The study shows that despite the propaganda accompanying the nuclear bombings of Japanese cities there were concerns in the world about their consequences and prospects for the development of international relations.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The US transition to a strategy of power diplomacy towards the USSR began even before the Potsdam Conference. The United States considered the entry of the USSR into the war against Japan as a significant factor in achieving victory and sought to use new nuclear weapons technology to stimulate Soviet military intervention. The US nuclear monopoly undermined trust in allied relations and led to an escalation of tension between the two powers, predetermining their further confrontation.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ядерная бомба</kwd><kwd>атомная бомба</kwd><kwd>Хиросима</kwd><kwd>Нагасаки</kwd><kwd>Потсдамская конференция</kwd><kwd>атомная дипломатия</kwd><kwd>холодная война</kwd><kwd>биполярный мир</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nuclear bomb</kwd><kwd>atomic bomb</kwd><kwd>Hiroshima</kwd><kwd>Nagasaki</kwd><kwd>Potsdam Conference</kwd><kwd>atomic diplomacy</kwd><kwd>cold war</kwd><kwd>bipolar world</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Алпровиц Г. Атомная дипломатия: Хиросима и Потсдам. О применении атомной бомбы и о том, как Америка очутилась лицом к лицу с Советским Союзом / пер.с англ. 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