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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">humanitieslaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гуманитарные и юридические исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humanities and law research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-1030</issn><publisher><publisher-name>North-Caucasus Federal University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37493/2409-1030.2024.4.10</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">humanitieslaw-1487</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ И АРХЕОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нефтяной вопрос в контексте англо-русского экономического соперничества в Персии на рубеже XIX–XX веков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The oil issue in the context of the Anglo-Russian economic rivalry in Persia at the turn of the XIXXX centuries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-4147-3690</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пантюхина</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pantyukhina</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Викторовна Пантюхина - Кандидат исторических наук, доцент</p><p>д.1, ул. Пушкина, Ставрополь, 355017, Российская Федерация</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Tatiana V. Pantyukhina -  Cand. Sc. (History), Associate Professor </p><p> 1, Pushkin St., Stavropol, 355017, Russian Federation </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pantyukhina@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>North-Caucasus Federal University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>687</fpage><lpage>695</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Пантюхина Т.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Пантюхина Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pantyukhina T.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://humanitieslaw.ncfu.ru/jour/article/view/1487">https://humanitieslaw.ncfu.ru/jour/article/view/1487</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Актуальность и новизна работы определяется отсутствием в отечественной литературе специального исследования такого важного аспекта англорусского экономического соперничества в Персии на рубеже XIX–XX вв., как нефтяной вопрос. Материалы и методы.Основной массив источников составили опубликованные документы Российского и Британского МИД, договоры по персидским концессиям, выступления и мемуары британских политиков и дипломатов. Были задействованы следующие методы: нарративный, дескриптивный, компаративный, ситуационное исследование («кейс стади»). Анализ. В пик англорусского экономического соперничества в Персии возник нефтяной вопрос. Интерес, проявленный к нему обеими сторонами, был вызван разными причинами. Великобританию интересовали нефтяные месторождения Персии, а Россию – персидский нефтяной рынок. К концу XIX в. Российские нефтепродукты заняли доминирующее положение на персидском рынке. Для бакинских нефтепромышленников Персия была также страной, через которую пролегали кратчайшие сухопутные пути к рынкам Азии и Дальнего Востока. Россия добивалась от персидского правительства концессий на торговлю, а британские бизнесмены добивались концессий на разработку нефтяных месторождений. Несмотря на разницу интересов, нефтяной вопрос стал источником напряженности, которая достигла своего пика в дипломатической борьбе вокруг концессии Д'Арси в 1901 году. Как российское, так и британское правительства оказывали официальную и неофициальную поддержку производителям и торговцам нефтью в Персии. Для британского правительства проблема нефти была более специфичной: возможность источника поставок топлива для британского флота. Результаты. Политика британского правительства по поддержке Англо-Персидской Нефтяной Компании оказалась оправданной, поскольку нефтяной фактор сыграл решающую роль в Первой мировой войне. Во многом благодаря персидской нефти британский флот имел преимущество перед флотами других держав во время войны. Что касается англо-российского нефтяного соперничества в самой Персии, то начало эксплуатации нефтяных месторождений APOC затронуло экономические интересы России на Ближнем Востоке и в Азии. Российские нефтепродукты были вытеснены из портов Персидского залива. Однако в самой Персии российский керосин сохранял монопольное положение до конца 1920-х год.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. The relevance and novelty of the paper is determined by the absence in the Russian historic literature of a special study of such an important aspect of the AngloRussian economic rivalry in Persia as the oil issue.Materials and Methods. The main body of sources consisted of published documents of the Russian and British Foreign Ministries, agreements on Persian concessions, speeches and memoirs of British politicians and diplomats. The following methods were used: case study, the narrative, descriptive and comparative ones.Analysis. At the height of the economic rivalry between Britain and Russia in Persia, the oil issue arose. The interest shown in it by each side sprang from different causes. Britain’s interest was driven by the Persian oil deposits, while Russia showed interest in Persian oil market. By the end of the XIX century Russian oil products had acquired a dominant position in the Persian market. Also, Baku oil producers were interested in Persia as the country through which the closest land routes to other markets in Asia and the Far East ran. Unlike Russians, British businessmen were seeking concessions related to oilfields exploitation. Despite the difference of interests, an oil issue was the source of tension, which rose to its peak in the diplomatic fight around D’Arcy Concession of 1901. Both Russian and British governments provided official and unofficial support to oil producers and traders in Persia. For the British government the oil issue was more specific: the possibility of obtaining a source of secure supplies of fuel oil for the British fleet.Results. The policy of the British Government to back the Anglo-Persian Oil Company (APOC) proved to be justified as the oil factor became crucial in World War I. Largely due to Persian oil the British fleet had a certain advantage over the fleets of other powers during the war. As for the Anglo-Russian oil rivalry in Persia itself, the start of the exploitation of the oilfields by APOC affected the economic interests of Russia in the Middle East and Asia. Russian kerosene was forced out of the ports of the Persian Gulf. However, in Persia itself, Russian kerosene maintained a monopoly position until the end of the 1920s.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>нефтяные месторождения</kwd><kwd>торговля нефтью</kwd><kwd>Персия</kwd><kwd>англо-русское соперничество</kwd><kwd>персидские концессии</kwd><kwd>Д'Арси</kwd><kwd>Англо-Персидская нефтяная компания</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oilfields</kwd><kwd>oil trade</kwd><kwd>Persia</kwd><kwd>Anglo-Russian rivalry</kwd><kwd>Persian concessions</kwd><kwd>D’Arcy</kwd><kwd>Anglo-Russian Oil Company</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ананьич Б. В. Россия и концессия Д’Арси // Исторические записки. 1960. Т. 66. С. 278–290.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Anan'ich BV. Russia and the D'Arcy Concession. Istoricheskie zapiski. 1960;66:278-290. 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