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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">humanitieslaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гуманитарные и юридические исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humanities and law research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-1030</issn><publisher><publisher-name>North-Caucasus Federal University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37493/2409-1030.2024.1.12</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">humanitieslaw-1389</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Основные тенденции развития сельского хозяйства Османской империи в последней трети XIX – начале ХХ вв.</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Major trends in agricultural development of the Ottoman Empire in the late third of the 19th – early 20th centuries</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-7603-9317</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Халимбекова</surname><given-names>Э. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khalimbekova</surname><given-names>E. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Эльмира Руслановна Халимбекова, преподаватель </p><p>д. 16, пр-т Шамиля, Махачкала, Дагестан, 367026</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elmira R. Khalimbekova, Lecturer </p><p>16, Shamil Avenue, Makhachkala, 367026, Dagestan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elmira_khalimbekova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Дагестанский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Dagestan State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>05</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>11</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>112</fpage><lpage>120</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Халимбекова Э.Р., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Халимбекова Э.Р.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khalimbekova E.R.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://humanitieslaw.ncfu.ru/jour/article/view/1389">https://humanitieslaw.ncfu.ru/jour/article/view/1389</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Тема развития сельского хозяйства в Османской империи в значительной мере не нашла широкого отражения в отечественной и отчасти в зарубежной историографии. В большинстве работ уделяется внимание развитию аграрного сектора у народов Балканского полуострова, как проявления нарастания кризисных явлений в экономике Османской империи. В XIX в. происходит включение сельского хозяйства империи в мировые экономические связи и медленное развитие модернизационных процессов. В данной статье предпринимается попытка анализа основных тенденций и противоречий развития аграрного сектора и роли его отдельных секторов в народном хозяйстве Османской империи. Материалы и методы. Основными историческими источниками изучения проблемы являются донесения дипломатов, работавших в Османской империи и труды современников (экономистов и публицистов), стремившихся оценить перспективы развития экономики Османской империи. В теоретико-методологическом плане исследование строится на основе использования принципов экономической истории, предполагающей изучение народного хозяйства под воздействием определенных общественных и государственных институтов. В свою очередь, экономические институты во многом закладывают основы внутриполитического и внешнеполитического развития страны. Анализ. Сельское хозяйство Османской империи в значительной степени находилось под воздействием патриархальных форм организации производства и распределения доходов. Однако нарастающая включенность аграрного сектора империи в мировые экономические связи вносит коррективы в развитие его отдельных секторов и способствует росту товарного производства. Расширение экспорта продукции, строительство железных дорог, проникновение новых технологий приводят к первым позитивным прорывам в аграрном секторе страны. Результаты. Мировой экономический кризис в последней трети XIX в. и господство докапиталистических форм хозяйствования существенно тормозили развитие сельского хозяйства Османской империи. В то же время, появление новых технологий и форм организации производства самым позитивным образом сказывалось на состоянии дел в аграрном секторе империи.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. The issue of agricultural development in the Ottoman Empire has not been widely reflected in domestic and partly in foreign historiography. Most of the studies focus on the development of the agrarian sector in the peoples of the Balkan Peninsula as a manifestation of the growing crisis phenomena in the economy of the Ottoman Empire. At the same time, the 19th century was marked by the inclusion of the empire agriculture in global economic relations and slow development of modernization processes. The article attempts to analyze the main trends and contradictions in the development of the agrarian sector and the role of its individual sectors in the national economy of the Ottoman Empire. Materials and Methods. The main historical sources for the study of the problem are the reports of diplomats working in the Ottoman Empire and the works of contemporaries, economists and publicists who sought to assess the prospects of economic development of the Ottoman Empire. In theoretical and methodological terms, the study is based on the principles of economic history, which implies the study of the national economy under the influence of certain social and state institutions. In its turn, economic institutions in many respects lay the foundations for the domestic and foreign policy development of the country. Analysis. Ottoman agriculture was largely under the influence of patriarchal forms of production organization and income distribution. However, the growing inclusion of the empire's agrarian sector in global economic relations made adjustments in the development of its individual sectors and favoured the growth of commodity production. The expansion of exports, construction of railways, penetration of new technologies lead to the first positive breakthroughs in the agrarian sector of the country. Results. The world economic crisis in the last third of the 19th century and the dominance of pre-capitalist forms of economic management significantly hampered the development of agriculture in the Ottoman Empire. At the same time, the emergence of new technologies and forms of production organization had a positive impact on the situation in the agricultural sector of the empire.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Османская империя</kwd><kwd>Анатолия</kwd><kwd>мировой экономический кризис</kwd><kwd>сельское хозяйство</kwd><kwd>капитализм</kwd><kwd>традиционализм</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Ottoman Empire</kwd><kwd>Anatolia</kwd><kwd>world economic crisis</kwd><kwd>agriculture</kwd><kwd>capitalism</kwd><kwd>traditionalism</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Адамов А. Земледелие в Арабском Ираке (Донесение консула в Бассоре) // Сборник консульских донесений за 1905. Вып. I. СПб.: Товарищество художественной печати, 1905. С. 3–16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Adamov A. 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