<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">humanitieslaw</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Гуманитарные и юридические исследования</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Humanities and law research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2409-1030</issn><publisher><publisher-name>North-Caucasus Federal University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37493/2409-1030.2023.1.11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">humanitieslaw-1243</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЧЕСКИЕ НАУКИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORICAL SCIENCES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Коррупция в системе социально-политических ориентаций Аврелия Августина</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Сorruption in the system of social and political views of Aurelius Augustine</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сахаров</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sakharov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сахаров Станислав Александрович – кандидат исторических наук, доцент кафедры государственно-правовых дисциплин </p><p>д. 4, ул. Пржевальского, 214000, Смоленск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Stanislav A. Sakharov – PhD in History, Associate Professor, State and Legal Courses Department</p><p>4, Przhevalsky st., 214000, Smolensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sacharov.stanislav@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Смоленский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Smolensk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>04</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>10</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>88</fpage><lpage>97</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сахаров С.А., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сахаров С.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sakharov S.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://humanitieslaw.ncfu.ru/jour/article/view/1243">https://humanitieslaw.ncfu.ru/jour/article/view/1243</self-uri><abstract><p>Проблемы восприятия Августином коррупции привлекли в свое время внимание профессора Ричмондского университета Питера Кауфмана, который в своей статье с характерным названием «Августин и коррупция», вышедшей в 2009 г., вступает в полемику с рядом видных исследователей поздней античности, в числе которых, к примеру, Рамсей МакМаллен, склонных видеть в воззрениях епископа Гиппона признаки потворства и оправдания коррупции. В своей статье мы вновь обращаемся к вопросам восприятия названного феномена в системе социально-политических ориентаций великого отца церкви. Основой анализа для нас стало эпистолярное наследие Августина. В его письмах, среди адресатов которых высокопоставленные должностные лица центральной имперской администрации, судьи, коллеги-епископы, прослеживается двойственное отношение к вопросам использования личных связей, власти в интересах защиты имущественных прав как отдельных лиц, так и всей церковной организации, позволяющее делать столь же неоднозначные выводы относительно поддержки или отрицания им коррупционных связей как способа решения вопросов, имеющих социально-политическое значение. Августин имеет совершенно рациональное отношение к имуществу, собственности. Он понимает значимость материальных благ для существования в условиях «земного града». Являясь лицом, осуществляющим управленческие функции, он не может не отстаивать имущественных прав возглавляемой им организации, ибо на них зиждется само существование последней. При этом анализ данных переписки Августина позволяет обнаружить принципиально иной по сравнению с современным нам подход к восприятию коррупции. Для него последняя состоит не в форме, а в сущности. Он считает совершенным злом взяточничество и продажность, но готов использовать связи с влиятельными людьми для достижения целей, которые сам он считает благом, даже если чисто внешне они могут нести в себе признаки злоупотребления влиянием, связями в интересах третьих лиц.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Peter Kaufman, the professor of the University of Richmond, took interest in Augustine’s interpretation of corruption and, in his article with the characteristic title “Augustine and Corruption”, published in 2009, enters into controversy with several prominent researchers of late antiquity, including, for example, Ramsey McMullen, who are inclined to see in the views of the bishop of Hippo signs of indulgence and justification of the corruption.</p><p>In our article, we again turn to the problems of perception in connection with the socio-political views of the great father of the church. The epistolary legacy of Augustine has become the basis of our analysis. In his letters, among the addressees who are in high-ranking areas of general authority, judges, and fellow bishops, there is an ambivalent attitude towards the choice of personal contacts, the power in protecting the property rights of individuals and the whole church organisation, allowing to do ambiguous conclusions regarding support or denial of corruption ties as a solution to issues having socio-political values.</p><p>Augustine has a completely rational attitude towards the property. He understands the significance of material goods for existence in the conditions of the Earthly City. Being a person realising managerial functions, he cannot but defend the property rights of his organisation as its determination is based on them.</p><p>At the same time, the analysis of Augustine’s correspondence data allows us to discover a brand new approach to the perception of corruption in comparison with the well-known one. For him, venal practice does not consist in form, but in essence. He considers bribery and venality to be a complete evil, but he is ready to use connections with influential people for beneficial purposes, even if outwardly they may bear signs of abuse of influence and connections in the interest of third parties.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Аврелий Августин</kwd><kwd>эпистолярное наследие Августина</kwd><kwd>письма Августина</kwd><kwd>коррупция</kwd><kwd>восприятие Августином коррупции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Aurelius Augustine</kwd><kwd>Augustine’s epistolary heritage</kwd><kwd>Augustine’s letters</kwd><kwd>corruption</kwd><kwd>Augustine’s perception of corruption</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ардельянова Я. А. Теоретико-методологические подходы к понятию «коррупция» // Идеи и идеалы. 2013. № 3 (17). С. 86–93.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ardel’janova Ja. A. Teoretiko-metodologicheskie podhody k ponjatiju «korrupcija» (Theoretical and methodological approaches to the concept of «corruption») // Idei i idealy. 2013. № 3 (17). Р. 86–93.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Казаков М. М. Римская империя: от принципата к доминату // Актуальные проблемы государства и права: VIII Кирилло-Мефодиевские чтения. Сборник научных статей. Смоленск: Универсум, 2002. С. 27–42.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kazakov M. M. Rimskaja imperija: ot principata k dominatu (The Roman Empire: from Principate to Dominate) // Aktual’nye problemy gosudarstva i prava: VIII Kirillo-Mefodievskie chtenija. Sbornik nauchnyh statej. Smolensk: Universum, 2002. Р. 27–42.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Роуз-Акерман С. Коррупция и государство: Причины, следствия, реформы. М.: Логос, 2003. 343 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rouz-Akerman S. Korrupcija i gosudarstvo: Prichiny, sledstvija, reformy (Corruption and the State: Causes, Consequences, Reforms). M.: Logos, 2003. 343 р.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шафф Ф. История христианской церкви. Т. III. Никейское и посленикейское христианство. От Константина Великого до Григория Великого. 311–590 гг. по Р. Х. СПб.: Библия для всех, 2007. 955 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shaff F. Istorija hristianskoj cerkvi. T. III. Nikejskoe i poslenikejskoe hristianstvo. Ot Konstantina Velikogo do Grigorija Velikogo. 311–590 (History of the Christian Church. T. III. Nicene and post-Nicene Christianity. From Constantine the Great to Gregory the Great. 311–590). SPb.: Biblija dlja vseh, 2007. 955 р.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Alföldi A. A conflict of ideas in the Late Roman Empire. The Clash between the Senate and Valentinian I. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1952. 151 р.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Alföldi A. A conflict of ideas in the Late Roman Empire. The Clash between the Senate and Valentinian I. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1952. 151 р.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown P. Augustine and Crisis of Wealth in Late Antiquity // Augustinian Studies. 2005. Vol. 36. No. 1. P. 5–30.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown P. Augustine and Crisis of Wealth in Late Antiquity // Augustinian Studies. 2005. Vol. 36. No. 1. P. 5–30.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brown P. Through, the Eye of a Needle: Wealth, the Fall of Rome, and the Making of Christianity in the West, 350–550 AD. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2012. 759 р.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Brown P. Through, the Eye of a Needle: Wealth, the Fall of Rome, and the Making of Christianity in the West, 350–550 AD. Princeton, NY: Princeton University Press, 2012. 759 р.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Caiden G. E. Public Maladministration and Bureaucratic Corruption // Hong Kong Journal of Public Administration. 1981. Vol. 16. No. 1. P. 58–62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Caiden G. E. Public Maladministration and Bureaucratic Corruption // Hong Kong Journal of Public Administration. 1981. Vol. 16. No. 1. P. 58–62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Flood J. St. Augustine in His Letters // The Furrow. 1952. Vol. 3. No. 5. P. 196–202.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Flood J. St. Augustine in His Letters // The Furrow. 1952. Vol. 3. No. 5. P. 196–202.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hill L. Conceptions of political corruption in ancient Athens and Rome // History of Political Though. 2013. Vol. 34. No. 4. P. 565–587.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hill L. Conceptions of political corruption in ancient Athens and Rome // History of Political Though. 2013. Vol. 34. No. 4. P. 565–587.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huntington S. Political order in changing societies. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968. 488 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huntington S. Political order in changing societies. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968. 488 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaufman P. I. Augustine, Macedonius, and the Courts // Augustinian Studies. 2003. Vol. 34. No. 1. P. 67–82.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaufman P. I. Augustine, Macedonius, and the Courts // Augustinian Studies. 2003. Vol. 34. No. 1. P. 67–82.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaufman P. I. Augustine and Corruption // History of Political Thought. 2009. Vol. 30. No. 1. P. 46–59.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaufman P. I. Augustine and Corruption // History of Political Thought. 2009. Vol. 30. No. 1. P. 46–59.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lancel S. Saint Augustine. London: SCM Press, 2002. 590 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lancel S. Saint Augustine. London: SCM Press, 2002. 590 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">LaPalombara J. Structural and institutional aspects of corruption // Social Research. 1994. Vol. 61. No. 2. P. 325–350.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">LaPalombara J. Structural and institutional aspects of corruption // Social Research. 1994. Vol. 61. No. 2. P. 325–350.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leff N. H. Economic development through bureaucratic corruption // American Journal of Chinese Studies. 2009. Vol. 16. No. 2. P. 119–135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leff N. H. Economic development through bureaucratic corruption // American Journal of Chinese Studies. 2009. Vol. 16. No. 2. P. 119–135.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lepelly C. Aspects de l’Afrique romaine les cités, la vie rurale, le Christianism. Bari: Edipuglia, 2001. 462 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lepelly C. Aspects de l’Afrique romaine les cités, la vie rurale, le Christianism. Bari: Edipuglia, 2001. 462 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lepelly C. Les cités de l’Afrique romaine au bas-empire. Vol. 1. Paris: Études augustiniennes, 1979. 422 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lepelly C. Les cités de l’Afrique romaine au bas-empire. Vol. 1. Paris: Études augustiniennes, 1979. 422 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">MacMullen R. Changes in the Roman Empire: Essays in the Ordinary. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990. 416 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MacMullen R. Changes in the Roman Empire: Essays in the Ordinary. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1990. 416 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">MacMullen R. Corruption and the Decline of Rome. New Haven, London: Yale University Press, 1988. 319 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">MacMullen R. Corruption and the Decline of Rome. New Haven, London: Yale University Press, 1988. 319 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mratschek S. Te velimus … consilii participem: Augustine of Hippo and Olimpius – a case study of religious-political cooperation in the fifth century // Studia patristica. 2001. Vol. 38. P. 224–232.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mratschek S. Te velimus … consilii participem: Augustine of Hippo and Olimpius – a case study of religious-political cooperation in the fifth century // Studia patristica. 2001. Vol. 38. P. 224–232.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Political corruption: A Handbook by A. J. Heidenheimer, M. Johnston, V. T. LeVine, ads. New Brunswick, N. Y.: Transaction Book, 1989. 1017 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Political corruption: A Handbook by A. J. Heidenheimer, M. Johnston, V. T. LeVine, ads. New Brunswick, N. Y.: Transaction Book, 1989. 1017 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Quah J. S. T. Governance and Corruption: Exploring the Connection // American Journal of Chinese Studies. 2009. Vol. 16. No. 2. P. 119–135.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Quah J. S. T. Governance and Corruption: Exploring the Connection // American Journal of Chinese Studies. 2009. Vol. 16. No. 2. P. 119–135.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Uhalde K. Expectations of Justice in the Age of Augustine. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007. 233 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Uhalde K. Expectations of Justice in the Age of Augustine. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2007. 233 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ward K. Augustine on Wealth, Poverty, and Property // Journal of Religious Ethics. 2014. No. 42 (2). P. 55–62.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ward K. Augustine on Wealth, Poverty, and Property // Journal of Religious Ethics. 2014. No. 42 (2). P. 55–62.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ward K. Porters to heaven: Wealth, the poor, and moral agency in Augustine // Journal of religious ethics. 2014. Vol. 42. No. 2. P. 216–242.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ward K. Porters to heaven: Wealth, the poor, and moral agency in Augustine // Journal of religious ethics. 2014. Vol. 42. No. 2. P. 216–242.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ward K. Toward a Christian Virtue Account of Moral Luck // Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics. 2018. Vol. 38. No. 1. P. 131–145.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ward K. Toward a Christian Virtue Account of Moral Luck // Journal of the Society of Christian Ethics. 2018. Vol. 38. No. 1. P. 131–145.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ward K. Wealth, Poverty, and Economic Inequality. A Christian Virtue Response. A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the department of Theology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Boston, 2016. 308 р.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ward K. Wealth, Poverty, and Economic Inequality. A Christian Virtue Response. A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the department of Theology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Boston, 2016. 308 р.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
